panel.layout Package

---

layout Package

Layout

Layouts can layout your python objects and panel components.

Most layouts behave as the Python containers you already know. For example Column and Row behaves as lists. I.e. they have a list-like API with methods to append, extend, clear, insert, pop, remove and __setitem__, which make it possible to interactively update and modify them.

Check out the Panel gallery of layouts https://panel.holoviz.org/reference/index.html#layouts for inspiration.

How to use layouts in 2 simple steps

1. Define your Python objects

>>> some_python_object = ...
>>> some_widget = pn.widgets...
>>> some_pane = pn.pane...

2. Define your layouts

>>> pn.Column(some_python_object, some_widget, some_pane)

For more detail see the Getting Started Guide https://panel.holoviz.org/getting_started/index.html

class panel.layout.Accordion(*objects, **params)

Bases: NamedListPanel

The Accordion layout is a type of Card layout that allows switching between multiple objects by clicking on the corresponding card header.

The labels for each card will default to the name parameter of the card’s contents, but may also be defined explicitly as part of a tuple.

Like Column and Row, Accordion has a list-like API that allows interactively updating and modifying the cards using the methods append, extend, clear, insert, pop, remove and __setitem__.

Reference: https://panel.holoviz.org/reference/layouts/Accordion.html

Example:

>>> pn.Accordion(some_pane_with_a_name, ("Plot", some_plot))

Parameters inherited from:

panel.viewable.Layoutable: align, aspect_ratio, background, css_classes, design, height, min_width, min_height, max_width, max_height, margin, styles, stylesheets, tags, width, width_policy, height_policy, sizing_mode, visible

panel.viewable.Viewable: loading

panel.layout.base.NamedListLike: objects

panel.layout.base.NamedListPanel: scroll

active = param.List(bounds=(0, None), default=[], label=’Active’)

List of indexes of active cards.

active_header_background = param.String(default=’#ccc’, label=’Active header background’)

Color for currently active headers.

header_color = param.String(default=’’, label=’Header color’)

A valid CSS color to apply to the expand button.

header_background = param.String(default=’’, label=’Header background’)

A valid CSS color for the header background.

toggle = param.Boolean(bounds=(0, 1), default=False, label=’Toggle’)

Whether to toggle between active cards or allow multiple cards

app(notebook_url: str = 'localhost:8888', port: int = 0) → Server

Displays a bokeh server app inline in the notebook.

Parameters:

• notebook_url (str) – URL to the notebook server

• port (int (optional, default=0)) – Allows specifying a specific port

append(pane: Any) → None

Appends an object to the tabs.

Parameters:

(object) (obj) –

clear() → None

Clears the tabs.

clone(*objects: Any, **params: Any) → NamedListLike

Makes a copy of the Tabs sharing the same parameters.

Parameters:

• objects (Objects to add to the cloned Tabs object.) –

• params (Keyword arguments override the parameters on the clone.) –

Return type:

Cloned Tabs object

controls(parameters: List[str] = [], jslink: bool = True, **kwargs) → Panel

Creates a set of widgets which allow manipulating the parameters on this instance. By default all parameters which support linking are exposed, but an explicit list of parameters can be provided.

Parameters:

• parameters (list(str)) – An explicit list of parameters to return controls for.

• jslink (bool) – Whether to use jslinks instead of Python based links. This does not allow using all types of parameters.

• kwargs (dict) – Additional kwargs to pass to the Param pane(s) used to generate the controls widgets.

Return type:

A layout of the controls

embed(max_states: int = 1000, max_opts: int = 3, json: bool = False, json_prefix: str = '', save_path: str = './', load_path: Optional[str] = None, progress: bool = False, states={}) → None

Renders a static version of a panel in a notebook by evaluating the set of states defined by the widgets in the model. Note this will only work well for simple apps with a relatively small state space.

Parameters:

• max_states (int) – The maximum number of states to embed

• max_opts (int) – The maximum number of states for a single widget

• json (boolean (default=True)) – Whether to export the data to json files

• json_prefix (str (default='')) – Prefix for JSON filename

• save_path (str (default='./')) – The path to save json files to

• load_path (str (default=None)) – The path or URL the json files will be loaded from.

• progress (boolean (default=False)) – Whether to report progress

• states (dict (default={})) – A dictionary specifying the widget values to embed for each widget

extend(panes: Iterable[Any]) → None

Extends the the tabs with a list.

Parameters:

(list) (objects) –

get_root(doc: Optional[Document] = None, comm: Optional[Comm] = None, preprocess: bool = True) → Model

Returns the root model and applies pre-processing hooks

Parameters:

• doc (bokeh.Document) – Bokeh document the bokeh model will be attached to.

• comm (pyviz_comms.Comm) – Optional pyviz_comms when working in notebook

• preprocess (boolean (default=True)) – Whether to run preprocessing hooks

Return type:

Returns the bokeh model corresponding to this panel object

insert(index: int, pane: Any) → None

Inserts an object in the tabs at the specified index.

Parameters:

• (int) (index) –

• (object) (object) –

jscallback(args: Dict[str, Any] = {}, **callbacks: str) → Callback

Allows defining a JS callback to be triggered when a property changes on the source object. The keyword arguments define the properties that trigger a callback and the JS code that gets executed.

Parameters:

• args (dict) – A mapping of objects to make available to the JS callback

• **callbacks (dict) – A mapping between properties on the source model and the code to execute when that property changes

Returns:

callback – The Callback which can be used to disable the callback.

Return type:

Callback

jslink(target: JSLinkTarget, code: Dict[str, str] = None, args: Optional[Dict] = None, bidirectional: bool = False, **links: str) → Link

Links properties on the this Reactive object to those on the target Reactive object in JS code.

Supports two modes, either specify a mapping between the source and target model properties as keywords or provide a dictionary of JS code snippets which maps from the source parameter to a JS code snippet which is executed when the property changes.

Parameters:

• target (panel.viewable.Viewable | bokeh.model.Model | holoviews.core.dimension.Dimensioned) – The target to link the value to.

• code (dict) – Custom code which will be executed when the widget value changes.

• args (dict) – A mapping of objects to make available to the JS callback

• bidirectional (boolean) – Whether to link source and target bi-directionally

• **links (dict) – A mapping between properties on the source model and the target model property to link it to.

Returns:

link – The GenericLink which can be used unlink the widget and the target model.

Return type:

GenericLink

link(target: param.Parameterized, callbacks: Optional[Dict[str, str | Callable]] = None, bidirectional: bool = False, **links: str) → Watcher

Links the parameters on this Reactive object to attributes on the target Parameterized object.

Supports two modes, either specify a mapping between the source and target object parameters as keywords or provide a dictionary of callbacks which maps from the source parameter to a callback which is triggered when the parameter changes.

Parameters:

• target (param.Parameterized) – The target object of the link.

• callbacks (dict | None) – Maps from a parameter in the source object to a callback.

• bidirectional (bool) – Whether to link source and target bi-directionally

• **links (dict) – Maps between parameters on this object to the parameters on the supplied object.

pop(index: int) → Viewable

Pops an item from the tabs by index.

Parameters:

(int) (index) –

pprint() → None

Prints a compositional repr of the class.

remove(pane: Viewable) → None

Removes an object from the tabs.

Parameters:

(object) (obj) –

reverse() → None

Reverses the tabs.

save(filename: str | os.PathLike | IO, title: Optional[str] = None, resources: Resources | None = None, template: str | Template | None = None, template_variables: Dict[str, Any] = {}, embed: bool = False, max_states: int = 1000, max_opts: int = 3, embed_json: bool = False, json_prefix: str = '', save_path: str = './', load_path: Optional[str] = None, progress: bool = True, embed_states: Dict[Any, Any] = {}, as_png: bool | None = None, **kwargs) → None

Saves Panel objects to file.

Parameters:

• filename (str or file-like object) – Filename to save the plot to

• title (string) – Optional title for the plot

• resources (bokeh resources) – One of the valid bokeh.resources (e.g. CDN or INLINE)

• template – passed to underlying io.save

• template_variables – passed to underlying io.save

• embed (bool) – Whether the state space should be embedded in the saved file.

• max_states (int) – The maximum number of states to embed

• max_opts (int) – The maximum number of states for a single widget

• embed_json (boolean (default=True)) – Whether to export the data to json files

• json_prefix (str (default='')) – Prefix for the auto-generated json directory

• save_path (str (default='./')) – The path to save json files to

• load_path (str (default=None)) – The path or URL the json files will be loaded from.

• progress (boolean (default=True)) – Whether to report progress

• embed_states (dict (default={})) – A dictionary specifying the widget values to embed for each widget

• as_png (boolean (default=None)) – To save as a .png. If None save_png will be true if filename is string and ends with png.

select(selector: type | Callable[[Viewable], bool] | None = None) → List[Viewable]

Iterates over the Viewable and any potential children in the applying the Selector.

Parameters:

selector (type or callable or None) – The selector allows selecting a subset of Viewables by declaring a type or callable function to filter by.

Returns:

viewables

Return type:

list(Viewable)

servable(title: Optional[str] = None, location: bool | 'Location' = True, area: str = 'main', target: Optional[str] = None) → ServableMixin

Serves the object or adds it to the configured pn.state.template if in a panel serve context, writes to the DOM if in a pyodide context and returns the Panel object to allow it to display itself in a notebook context.

Parameters:

• title (str) – A string title to give the Document (if served as an app)

• location (boolean or panel.io.location.Location) – Whether to create a Location component to observe and set the URL location.

• area (str (deprecated)) – The area of a template to add the component too. Only has an effect if pn.config.template has been set.

• target (str) – Target area to write to. If a template has been configured on pn.config.template this refers to the target area in the template while in pyodide this refers to the ID of the DOM node to write to.

Return type:

The Panel object itself

server_doc(doc: Optional[Document] = None, title: Optional[str] = None, location: bool | 'Location' = True) → Document

Returns a serveable bokeh Document with the panel attached

Parameters:

• doc (bokeh.Document (optional)) – The bokeh Document to attach the panel to as a root, defaults to bokeh.io.curdoc()

• title (str) – A string title to give the Document

• location (boolean or panel.io.location.Location) – Whether to create a Location component to observe and set the URL location.

Returns:

doc – The bokeh document the panel was attached to

Return type:

bokeh.Document

show(title: Optional[str] = None, port: int = 0, address: Optional[str] = None, websocket_origin: Optional[str] = None, threaded: bool = False, verbose: bool = True, open: bool = True, location: bool | 'Location' = True, **kwargs) → threading.Thread | 'Server'

Starts a Bokeh server and displays the Viewable in a new tab.

Parameters:

• title (str | None) – A string title to give the Document (if served as an app)

• port (int (optional, default=0)) – Allows specifying a specific port

• address (str) – The address the server should listen on for HTTP requests.

• websocket_origin (str or list(str) (optional)) – A list of hosts that can connect to the websocket. This is typically required when embedding a server app in an external web site. If None, “localhost” is used.

• threaded (boolean (optional, default=False)) – Whether to launch the Server on a separate thread, allowing interactive use.

• verbose (boolean (optional, default=True)) – Whether to print the address and port

• open (boolean (optional, default=True)) – Whether to open the server in a new browser tab

• location (boolean or panel.io.location.Location) – Whether to create a Location component to observe and set the URL location.

Returns:

server – Returns the Bokeh server instance or the thread the server was launched on (if threaded=True)

Return type:

bokeh.server.Server or threading.Thread

class panel.layout.Card(*objects, **params)

Bases: Column

A Card layout allows arranging multiple panel objects in a collapsible, vertical container with a header bar.

Reference: https://panel.holoviz.org/reference/layouts/Card.html

Example:

>>> pn.Card(
...     some_widget, some_pane, some_python_object,
...     title='Card', styles=dict(background='WhiteSmoke'),
... )

Parameters inherited from:

panel.viewable.Layoutable: align, aspect_ratio, background, design, height, min_width, min_height, max_width, max_height, margin, styles, stylesheets, tags, width, width_policy, height_policy, sizing_mode, visible

panel.viewable.Viewable: loading

panel.layout.base.ListLike: objects

panel.layout.base.ListPanel: scroll

css_classes = param.List(bounds=(0, None), default=[‘card’], label=’Css classes’)

CSS classes to apply to the overall Card.

active_header_background = param.String(default=’’, label=’Active header background’)

A valid CSS color for the header background when not collapsed.

button_css_classes = param.List(bounds=(0, None), default=[‘card-button’], label=’Button css classes’)

CSS classes to apply to the button element.

collapsible = param.Boolean(bounds=(0, 1), default=True, label=’Collapsible’)

Whether the Card should be expandable and collapsible.

collapsed = param.Boolean(bounds=(0, 1), default=False, label=’Collapsed’)

Whether the contents of the Card are collapsed.

header = param.Parameter(allow_None=True, label=’Header’)

A Panel component to display in the header bar of the Card. Will override the given title if defined.

header_background = param.String(default=’’, label=’Header background’)

A valid CSS color for the header background.

header_color = param.String(default=’’, label=’Header color’)

A valid CSS color to apply to the header text.

header_css_classes = param.List(bounds=(0, None), default=[‘card-header’], label=’Header css classes’)

CSS classes to apply to the header element.

hide_header = param.Boolean(bounds=(0, 1), default=False, label=’Hide header’)

Whether to skip rendering the header.

title_css_classes = param.List(bounds=(0, None), default=[‘card-title’], label=’Title css classes’)

CSS classes to apply to the header title.

title = param.String(default=’’, label=’Title’)

A title to be displayed in the Card header, will be overridden by the header if defined.

app(notebook_url: str = 'localhost:8888', port: int = 0) → Server

Displays a bokeh server app inline in the notebook.

Parameters:

• notebook_url (str) – URL to the notebook server

• port (int (optional, default=0)) – Allows specifying a specific port

append(obj: Any) → None

Appends an object to the layout.

Parameters:

(object) (obj) –

clear() → None

Clears the objects on this layout.

clone(*objects: Any, **params: Any) → ListLike

Makes a copy of the layout sharing the same parameters.

Parameters:

• objects (Objects to add to the cloned layout.) –

• params (Keyword arguments override the parameters on the clone.) –

Return type:

Cloned layout object

controls(parameters: List[str] = [], jslink: bool = True, **kwargs) → Panel

Creates a set of widgets which allow manipulating the parameters on this instance. By default all parameters which support linking are exposed, but an explicit list of parameters can be provided.

Parameters:

• parameters (list(str)) – An explicit list of parameters to return controls for.

• jslink (bool) – Whether to use jslinks instead of Python based links. This does not allow using all types of parameters.

• kwargs (dict) – Additional kwargs to pass to the Param pane(s) used to generate the controls widgets.

Return type:

A layout of the controls

embed(max_states: int = 1000, max_opts: int = 3, json: bool = False, json_prefix: str = '', save_path: str = './', load_path: Optional[str] = None, progress: bool = False, states={}) → None

Renders a static version of a panel in a notebook by evaluating the set of states defined by the widgets in the model. Note this will only work well for simple apps with a relatively small state space.

Parameters:

• max_states (int) – The maximum number of states to embed

• max_opts (int) – The maximum number of states for a single widget

• json (boolean (default=True)) – Whether to export the data to json files

• json_prefix (str (default='')) – Prefix for JSON filename

• save_path (str (default='./')) – The path to save json files to

• load_path (str (default=None)) – The path or URL the json files will be loaded from.

• progress (boolean (default=False)) – Whether to report progress

• states (dict (default={})) – A dictionary specifying the widget values to embed for each widget

extend(objects: Iterable[Any]) → None

Extends the objects on this layout with a list.

Parameters:

(list) (objects) –

get_root(doc: Optional[Document] = None, comm: Optional[Comm] = None, preprocess: bool = True) → Model

Returns the root model and applies pre-processing hooks

Parameters:

• doc (bokeh.Document) – Bokeh document the bokeh model will be attached to.

• comm (pyviz_comms.Comm) – Optional pyviz_comms when working in notebook

• preprocess (boolean (default=True)) – Whether to run preprocessing hooks

Return type:

Returns the bokeh model corresponding to this panel object

insert(index: int, obj: Any) → None

Inserts an object in the layout at the specified index.

Parameters:

• (int) (index) –

• (object) (object) –

jscallback(args: Dict[str, Any] = {}, **callbacks: str) → Callback

Allows defining a JS callback to be triggered when a property changes on the source object. The keyword arguments define the properties that trigger a callback and the JS code that gets executed.

Parameters:

• args (dict) – A mapping of objects to make available to the JS callback

• **callbacks (dict) – A mapping between properties on the source model and the code to execute when that property changes

Returns:

callback – The Callback which can be used to disable the callback.

Return type:

Callback

jslink(target: JSLinkTarget, code: Dict[str, str] = None, args: Optional[Dict] = None, bidirectional: bool = False, **links: str) → Link

Links properties on the this Reactive object to those on the target Reactive object in JS code.

Supports two modes, either specify a mapping between the source and target model properties as keywords or provide a dictionary of JS code snippets which maps from the source parameter to a JS code snippet which is executed when the property changes.

Parameters:

• target (panel.viewable.Viewable | bokeh.model.Model | holoviews.core.dimension.Dimensioned) – The target to link the value to.

• code (dict) – Custom code which will be executed when the widget value changes.

• args (dict) – A mapping of objects to make available to the JS callback

• bidirectional (boolean) – Whether to link source and target bi-directionally

• **links (dict) – A mapping between properties on the source model and the target model property to link it to.

Returns:

link – The GenericLink which can be used unlink the widget and the target model.

Return type:

GenericLink

link(target: param.Parameterized, callbacks: Optional[Dict[str, str | Callable]] = None, bidirectional: bool = False, **links: str) → Watcher

Links the parameters on this Reactive object to attributes on the target Parameterized object.

Supports two modes, either specify a mapping between the source and target object parameters as keywords or provide a dictionary of callbacks which maps from the source parameter to a callback which is triggered when the parameter changes.

Parameters:

• target (param.Parameterized) – The target object of the link.

• callbacks (dict | None) – Maps from a parameter in the source object to a callback.

• bidirectional (bool) – Whether to link source and target bi-directionally

• **links (dict) – Maps between parameters on this object to the parameters on the supplied object.

pop(index: int) → Viewable

Pops an item from the layout by index.

Parameters:

(int) (index) –

pprint() → None

Prints a compositional repr of the class.

remove(obj: Viewable) → None

Removes an object from the layout.

Parameters:

(object) (obj) –

reverse() → None

Reverses the objects in the layout.

save(filename: str | os.PathLike | IO, title: Optional[str] = None, resources: Resources | None = None, template: str | Template | None = None, template_variables: Dict[str, Any] = {}, embed: bool = False, max_states: int = 1000, max_opts: int = 3, embed_json: bool = False, json_prefix: str = '', save_path: str = './', load_path: Optional[str] = None, progress: bool = True, embed_states: Dict[Any, Any] = {}, as_png: bool | None = None, **kwargs) → None

Saves Panel objects to file.

Parameters:

• filename (str or file-like object) – Filename to save the plot to

• title (string) – Optional title for the plot

• resources (bokeh resources) – One of the valid bokeh.resources (e.g. CDN or INLINE)

• template – passed to underlying io.save

• template_variables – passed to underlying io.save

• embed (bool) – Whether the state space should be embedded in the saved file.

• max_states (int) – The maximum number of states to embed

• max_opts (int) – The maximum number of states for a single widget

• embed_json (boolean (default=True)) – Whether to export the data to json files

• json_prefix (str (default='')) – Prefix for the auto-generated json directory

• save_path (str (default='./')) – The path to save json files to

• load_path (str (default=None)) – The path or URL the json files will be loaded from.

• progress (boolean (default=True)) – Whether to report progress

• embed_states (dict (default={})) – A dictionary specifying the widget values to embed for each widget

• as_png (boolean (default=None)) – To save as a .png. If None save_png will be true if filename is string and ends with png.

select(selector: type | Callable[[Viewable], bool] | None = None) → List[Viewable]

Iterates over the Viewable and any potential children in the applying the Selector.

Parameters:

selector (type or callable or None) – The selector allows selecting a subset of Viewables by declaring a type or callable function to filter by.

Returns:

viewables

Return type:

list(Viewable)

servable(title: Optional[str] = None, location: bool | 'Location' = True, area: str = 'main', target: Optional[str] = None) → ServableMixin

Serves the object or adds it to the configured pn.state.template if in a panel serve context, writes to the DOM if in a pyodide context and returns the Panel object to allow it to display itself in a notebook context.

Parameters:

• title (str) – A string title to give the Document (if served as an app)

• location (boolean or panel.io.location.Location) – Whether to create a Location component to observe and set the URL location.

• area (str (deprecated)) – The area of a template to add the component too. Only has an effect if pn.config.template has been set.

• target (str) – Target area to write to. If a template has been configured on pn.config.template this refers to the target area in the template while in pyodide this refers to the ID of the DOM node to write to.

Return type:

The Panel object itself

server_doc(doc: Optional[Document] = None, title: Optional[str] = None, location: bool | 'Location' = True) → Document

Returns a serveable bokeh Document with the panel attached

Parameters:

• doc (bokeh.Document (optional)) – The bokeh Document to attach the panel to as a root, defaults to bokeh.io.curdoc()

• title (str) – A string title to give the Document

• location (boolean or panel.io.location.Location) – Whether to create a Location component to observe and set the URL location.

Returns:

doc – The bokeh document the panel was attached to

Return type:

bokeh.Document

show(title: Optional[str] = None, port: int = 0, address: Optional[str] = None, websocket_origin: Optional[str] = None, threaded: bool = False, verbose: bool = True, open: bool = True, location: bool | 'Location' = True, **kwargs) → threading.Thread | 'Server'

Starts a Bokeh server and displays the Viewable in a new tab.

Parameters:

• title (str | None) – A string title to give the Document (if served as an app)

• port (int (optional, default=0)) – Allows specifying a specific port

• address (str) – The address the server should listen on for HTTP requests.

• websocket_origin (str or list(str) (optional)) – A list of hosts that can connect to the websocket. This is typically required when embedding a server app in an external web site. If None, “localhost” is used.

• threaded (boolean (optional, default=False)) – Whether to launch the Server on a separate thread, allowing interactive use.

• verbose (boolean (optional, default=True)) – Whether to print the address and port

• open (boolean (optional, default=True)) – Whether to open the server in a new browser tab

• location (boolean or panel.io.location.Location) – Whether to create a Location component to observe and set the URL location.

Returns:

server – Returns the Bokeh server instance or the thread the server was launched on (if threaded=True)

Return type:

bokeh.server.Server or threading.Thread

class panel.layout.Column(*objects: Any, **params: Any)

Bases: ListPanel

The Column layout allows arranging multiple panel objects in a vertical container.

It has a list-like API with methods to append, extend, clear, insert, pop, remove and __setitem__, which makes it possible to interactively update and modify the layout.

Reference: https://panel.holoviz.org/reference/layouts/Column.html

Example:

>>> pn.Column(some_widget, some_pane, some_python_object)

Parameters inherited from:

panel.viewable.Layoutable: align, aspect_ratio, background, css_classes, design, height, min_width, min_height, max_width, max_height, margin, styles, stylesheets, tags, width, width_policy, height_policy, sizing_mode, visible

panel.viewable.Viewable: loading

panel.layout.base.ListLike: objects

panel.layout.base.ListPanel: scroll

app(notebook_url: str = 'localhost:8888', port: int = 0) → Server

Displays a bokeh server app inline in the notebook.

Parameters:

• notebook_url (str) – URL to the notebook server

• port (int (optional, default=0)) – Allows specifying a specific port

append(obj: Any) → None

Appends an object to the layout.

Parameters:

(object) (obj) –

clear() → None

Clears the objects on this layout.

clone(*objects: Any, **params: Any) → ListLike

Makes a copy of the layout sharing the same parameters.

Parameters:

• objects (Objects to add to the cloned layout.) –

• params (Keyword arguments override the parameters on the clone.) –

Return type:

Cloned layout object

controls(parameters: List[str] = [], jslink: bool = True, **kwargs) → Panel

Creates a set of widgets which allow manipulating the parameters on this instance. By default all parameters which support linking are exposed, but an explicit list of parameters can be provided.

Parameters:

• parameters (list(str)) – An explicit list of parameters to return controls for.

• jslink (bool) – Whether to use jslinks instead of Python based links. This does not allow using all types of parameters.

• kwargs (dict) – Additional kwargs to pass to the Param pane(s) used to generate the controls widgets.

Return type:

A layout of the controls

embed(max_states: int = 1000, max_opts: int = 3, json: bool = False, json_prefix: str = '', save_path: str = './', load_path: Optional[str] = None, progress: bool = False, states={}) → None

Renders a static version of a panel in a notebook by evaluating the set of states defined by the widgets in the model. Note this will only work well for simple apps with a relatively small state space.

Parameters:

• max_states (int) – The maximum number of states to embed

• max_opts (int) – The maximum number of states for a single widget

• json (boolean (default=True)) – Whether to export the data to json files

• json_prefix (str (default='')) – Prefix for JSON filename

• save_path (str (default='./')) – The path to save json files to

• load_path (str (default=None)) – The path or URL the json files will be loaded from.

• progress (boolean (default=False)) – Whether to report progress

• states (dict (default={})) – A dictionary specifying the widget values to embed for each widget

extend(objects: Iterable[Any]) → None

Extends the objects on this layout with a list.

Parameters:

(list) (objects) –

get_root(doc: Optional[Document] = None, comm: Optional[Comm] = None, preprocess: bool = True) → Model

Returns the root model and applies pre-processing hooks

Parameters:

• doc (bokeh.Document) – Bokeh document the bokeh model will be attached to.

• comm (pyviz_comms.Comm) – Optional pyviz_comms when working in notebook

• preprocess (boolean (default=True)) – Whether to run preprocessing hooks

Return type:

Returns the bokeh model corresponding to this panel object

insert(index: int, obj: Any) → None

Inserts an object in the layout at the specified index.

Parameters:

• (int) (index) –

• (object) (object) –

jscallback(args: Dict[str, Any] = {}, **callbacks: str) → Callback

Allows defining a JS callback to be triggered when a property changes on the source object. The keyword arguments define the properties that trigger a callback and the JS code that gets executed.

Parameters:

• args (dict) – A mapping of objects to make available to the JS callback

• **callbacks (dict) – A mapping between properties on the source model and the code to execute when that property changes

Returns:

callback – The Callback which can be used to disable the callback.

Return type:

Callback

jslink(target: JSLinkTarget, code: Dict[str, str] = None, args: Optional[Dict] = None, bidirectional: bool = False, **links: str) → Link

Links properties on the this Reactive object to those on the target Reactive object in JS code.

Supports two modes, either specify a mapping between the source and target model properties as keywords or provide a dictionary of JS code snippets which maps from the source parameter to a JS code snippet which is executed when the property changes.

Parameters:

• target (panel.viewable.Viewable | bokeh.model.Model | holoviews.core.dimension.Dimensioned) – The target to link the value to.

• code (dict) – Custom code which will be executed when the widget value changes.

• args (dict) – A mapping of objects to make available to the JS callback

• bidirectional (boolean) – Whether to link source and target bi-directionally

• **links (dict) – A mapping between properties on the source model and the target model property to link it to.

Returns:

link – The GenericLink which can be used unlink the widget and the target model.

Return type:

GenericLink

link(target: param.Parameterized, callbacks: Optional[Dict[str, str | Callable]] = None, bidirectional: bool = False, **links: str) → Watcher

Links the parameters on this Reactive object to attributes on the target Parameterized object.

Supports two modes, either specify a mapping between the source and target object parameters as keywords or provide a dictionary of callbacks which maps from the source parameter to a callback which is triggered when the parameter changes.

Parameters:

• target (param.Parameterized) – The target object of the link.

• callbacks (dict | None) – Maps from a parameter in the source object to a callback.

• bidirectional (bool) – Whether to link source and target bi-directionally

• **links (dict) – Maps between parameters on this object to the parameters on the supplied object.

pop(index: int) → Viewable

Pops an item from the layout by index.

Parameters:

(int) (index) –

pprint() → None

Prints a compositional repr of the class.

remove(obj: Viewable) → None

Removes an object from the layout.

Parameters:

(object) (obj) –

reverse() → None

Reverses the objects in the layout.

save(filename: str | os.PathLike | IO, title: Optional[str] = None, resources: Resources | None = None, template: str | Template | None = None, template_variables: Dict[str, Any] = {}, embed: bool = False, max_states: int = 1000, max_opts: int = 3, embed_json: bool = False, json_prefix: str = '', save_path: str = './', load_path: Optional[str] = None, progress: bool = True, embed_states: Dict[Any, Any] = {}, as_png: bool | None = None, **kwargs) → None

Saves Panel objects to file.

Parameters:

• filename (str or file-like object) – Filename to save the plot to

• title (string) – Optional title for the plot

• resources (bokeh resources) – One of the valid bokeh.resources (e.g. CDN or INLINE)

• template – passed to underlying io.save

• template_variables – passed to underlying io.save

• embed (bool) – Whether the state space should be embedded in the saved file.

• max_states (int) – The maximum number of states to embed

• max_opts (int) – The maximum number of states for a single widget

• embed_json (boolean (default=True)) – Whether to export the data to json files

• json_prefix (str (default='')) – Prefix for the auto-generated json directory

• save_path (str (default='./')) – The path to save json files to

• load_path (str (default=None)) – The path or URL the json files will be loaded from.

• progress (boolean (default=True)) – Whether to report progress

• embed_states (dict (default={})) – A dictionary specifying the widget values to embed for each widget

• as_png (boolean (default=None)) – To save as a .png. If None save_png will be true if filename is string and ends with png.

select(selector=None)

Iterates over the Viewable and any potential children in the applying the Selector.

Parameters:

selector (type or callable or None) – The selector allows selecting a subset of Viewables by declaring a type or callable function to filter by.

Returns:

viewables

Return type:

list(Viewable)

servable(title: Optional[str] = None, location: bool | 'Location' = True, area: str = 'main', target: Optional[str] = None) → ServableMixin

Serves the object or adds it to the configured pn.state.template if in a panel serve context, writes to the DOM if in a pyodide context and returns the Panel object to allow it to display itself in a notebook context.

Parameters:

• title (str) – A string title to give the Document (if served as an app)

• location (boolean or panel.io.location.Location) – Whether to create a Location component to observe and set the URL location.

• area (str (deprecated)) – The area of a template to add the component too. Only has an effect if pn.config.template has been set.

• target (str) – Target area to write to. If a template has been configured on pn.config.template this refers to the target area in the template while in pyodide this refers to the ID of the DOM node to write to.

Return type:

The Panel object itself

server_doc(doc: Optional[Document] = None, title: Optional[str] = None, location: bool | 'Location' = True) → Document

Returns a serveable bokeh Document with the panel attached

Parameters:

• doc (bokeh.Document (optional)) – The bokeh Document to attach the panel to as a root, defaults to bokeh.io.curdoc()

• title (str) – A string title to give the Document

• location (boolean or panel.io.location.Location) – Whether to create a Location component to observe and set the URL location.

Returns:

doc – The bokeh document the panel was attached to

Return type:

bokeh.Document

show(title: Optional[str] = None, port: int = 0, address: Optional[str] = None, websocket_origin: Optional[str] = None, threaded: bool = False, verbose: bool = True, open: bool = True, location: bool | 'Location' = True, **kwargs) → threading.Thread | 'Server'

Starts a Bokeh server and displays the Viewable in a new tab.

Parameters:

• title (str | None) – A string title to give the Document (if served as an app)

• port (int (optional, default=0)) – Allows specifying a specific port

• address (str) – The address the server should listen on for HTTP requests.

• websocket_origin (str or list(str) (optional)) – A list of hosts that can connect to the websocket. This is typically required when embedding a server app in an external web site. If None, “localhost” is used.

• threaded (boolean (optional, default=False)) – Whether to launch the Server on a separate thread, allowing interactive use.

• verbose (boolean (optional, default=True)) – Whether to print the address and port

• open (boolean (optional, default=True)) – Whether to open the server in a new browser tab

• location (boolean or panel.io.location.Location) – Whether to create a Location component to observe and set the URL location.

Returns:

server – Returns the Bokeh server instance or the thread the server was launched on (if threaded=True)

Return type:

bokeh.server.Server or threading.Thread

class panel.layout.Divider(refs=None, **params)

Bases: Reactive

A Divider draws a horizontal rule (a <hr> tag in HTML) to separate multiple components in a layout. It automatically spans the full width of the container.

Reference: https://panel.holoviz.org/reference/layouts/Divider.html

Example:

>>> pn.Column(
...     '# Lorem Ipsum',
...     pn.layout.Divider(),
...     'A very long text... '
>>> )

Parameters inherited from:

panel.viewable.Layoutable: align, aspect_ratio, background, css_classes, design, height, min_width, min_height, max_width, max_height, margin, styles, stylesheets, tags, width, height_policy, sizing_mode, visible

panel.viewable.Viewable: loading

width_policy = param.ObjectSelector(constant=True, default=’fit’, label=’Width policy’, objects=[], readonly=True)

Describes how the component should maintain its width. "auto" Use component’s preferred sizing policy. "fixed" Use exactly width pixels. Component will overflow if it can’t fit in the available horizontal space. "fit" Use component’s preferred width (if set) and allow it to fit into the available horizontal space within the minimum and maximum width bounds (if set). Component’s width neither will be aggressively minimized nor maximized. "min" Use as little horizontal space as possible, not less than the minimum width (if set). The starting point is the preferred width (if set). The width of the component may shrink or grow depending on the parent layout, aspect management and other factors. "max" Use as much horizontal space as possible, not more than the maximum width (if set). The starting point is the preferred width (if set). The width of the component may shrink or grow depending on the parent layout, aspect management and other factors.

app(notebook_url: str = 'localhost:8888', port: int = 0) → Server

Displays a bokeh server app inline in the notebook.

Parameters:

• notebook_url (str) – URL to the notebook server

• port (int (optional, default=0)) – Allows specifying a specific port

clone(**params) → Viewable

Makes a copy of the object sharing the same parameters.

Parameters:

params (Keyword arguments override the parameters on the clone.) –

Return type:

Cloned Viewable object

controls(parameters: List[str] = [], jslink: bool = True, **kwargs) → Panel

Creates a set of widgets which allow manipulating the parameters on this instance. By default all parameters which support linking are exposed, but an explicit list of parameters can be provided.

Parameters:

• parameters (list(str)) – An explicit list of parameters to return controls for.

• jslink (bool) – Whether to use jslinks instead of Python based links. This does not allow using all types of parameters.

• kwargs (dict) – Additional kwargs to pass to the Param pane(s) used to generate the controls widgets.

Return type:

A layout of the controls

embed(max_states: int = 1000, max_opts: int = 3, json: bool = False, json_prefix: str = '', save_path: str = './', load_path: Optional[str] = None, progress: bool = False, states={}) → None

Renders a static version of a panel in a notebook by evaluating the set of states defined by the widgets in the model. Note this will only work well for simple apps with a relatively small state space.

Parameters:

• max_states (int) – The maximum number of states to embed

• max_opts (int) – The maximum number of states for a single widget

• json (boolean (default=True)) – Whether to export the data to json files

• json_prefix (str (default='')) – Prefix for JSON filename

• save_path (str (default='./')) – The path to save json files to

• load_path (str (default=None)) – The path or URL the json files will be loaded from.

• progress (boolean (default=False)) – Whether to report progress

• states (dict (default={})) – A dictionary specifying the widget values to embed for each widget

get_root(doc: Optional[Document] = None, comm: Optional[Comm] = None, preprocess: bool = True) → Model

Returns the root model and applies pre-processing hooks

Parameters:

• doc (bokeh.Document) – Bokeh document the bokeh model will be attached to.

• comm (pyviz_comms.Comm) – Optional pyviz_comms when working in notebook

• preprocess (boolean (default=True)) – Whether to run preprocessing hooks

Return type:

Returns the bokeh model corresponding to this panel object

jscallback(args: Dict[str, Any] = {}, **callbacks: str) → Callback

Allows defining a JS callback to be triggered when a property changes on the source object. The keyword arguments define the properties that trigger a callback and the JS code that gets executed.

Parameters:

• args (dict) – A mapping of objects to make available to the JS callback

• **callbacks (dict) – A mapping between properties on the source model and the code to execute when that property changes

Returns:

callback – The Callback which can be used to disable the callback.

Return type:

Callback

jslink(target: JSLinkTarget, code: Dict[str, str] = None, args: Optional[Dict] = None, bidirectional: bool = False, **links: str) → Link

Links properties on the this Reactive object to those on the target Reactive object in JS code.

Supports two modes, either specify a mapping between the source and target model properties as keywords or provide a dictionary of JS code snippets which maps from the source parameter to a JS code snippet which is executed when the property changes.

Parameters:

• target (panel.viewable.Viewable | bokeh.model.Model | holoviews.core.dimension.Dimensioned) – The target to link the value to.

• code (dict) – Custom code which will be executed when the widget value changes.

• args (dict) – A mapping of objects to make available to the JS callback

• bidirectional (boolean) – Whether to link source and target bi-directionally

• **links (dict) – A mapping between properties on the source model and the target model property to link it to.

Returns:

link – The GenericLink which can be used unlink the widget and the target model.

Return type:

GenericLink

link(target: param.Parameterized, callbacks: Optional[Dict[str, str | Callable]] = None, bidirectional: bool = False, **links: str) → Watcher

Links the parameters on this Reactive object to attributes on the target Parameterized object.

Supports two modes, either specify a mapping between the source and target object parameters as keywords or provide a dictionary of callbacks which maps from the source parameter to a callback which is triggered when the parameter changes.

Parameters:

• target (param.Parameterized) – The target object of the link.

• callbacks (dict | None) – Maps from a parameter in the source object to a callback.

• bidirectional (bool) – Whether to link source and target bi-directionally

• **links (dict) – Maps between parameters on this object to the parameters on the supplied object.

pprint() → None

Prints a compositional repr of the class.

save(filename: str | os.PathLike | IO, title: Optional[str] = None, resources: Resources | None = None, template: str | Template | None = None, template_variables: Dict[str, Any] = {}, embed: bool = False, max_states: int = 1000, max_opts: int = 3, embed_json: bool = False, json_prefix: str = '', save_path: str = './', load_path: Optional[str] = None, progress: bool = True, embed_states: Dict[Any, Any] = {}, as_png: bool | None = None, **kwargs) → None

Saves Panel objects to file.

Parameters:

• filename (str or file-like object) – Filename to save the plot to

• title (string) – Optional title for the plot

• resources (bokeh resources) – One of the valid bokeh.resources (e.g. CDN or INLINE)

• template – passed to underlying io.save

• template_variables – passed to underlying io.save

• embed (bool) – Whether the state space should be embedded in the saved file.

• max_states (int) – The maximum number of states to embed

• max_opts (int) – The maximum number of states for a single widget

• embed_json (boolean (default=True)) – Whether to export the data to json files

• json_prefix (str (default='')) – Prefix for the auto-generated json directory

• save_path (str (default='./')) – The path to save json files to

• load_path (str (default=None)) – The path or URL the json files will be loaded from.

• progress (boolean (default=True)) – Whether to report progress

• embed_states (dict (default={})) – A dictionary specifying the widget values to embed for each widget

• as_png (boolean (default=None)) – To save as a .png. If None save_png will be true if filename is string and ends with png.

select(selector: Optional[type | Callable[['Viewable'], bool]] = None) → List['Viewable']

Iterates over the Viewable and any potential children in the applying the Selector.

Parameters:

selector (type or callable or None) – The selector allows selecting a subset of Viewables by declaring a type or callable function to filter by.

Returns:

viewables

Return type:

list(Viewable)

servable(title: Optional[str] = None, location: bool | 'Location' = True, area: str = 'main', target: Optional[str] = None) → ServableMixin

Serves the object or adds it to the configured pn.state.template if in a panel serve context, writes to the DOM if in a pyodide context and returns the Panel object to allow it to display itself in a notebook context.

Parameters:

• title (str) – A string title to give the Document (if served as an app)

• location (boolean or panel.io.location.Location) – Whether to create a Location component to observe and set the URL location.

• area (str (deprecated)) – The area of a template to add the component too. Only has an effect if pn.config.template has been set.

• target (str) – Target area to write to. If a template has been configured on pn.config.template this refers to the target area in the template while in pyodide this refers to the ID of the DOM node to write to.

Return type:

The Panel object itself

server_doc(doc: Optional[Document] = None, title: Optional[str] = None, location: bool | 'Location' = True) → Document

Returns a serveable bokeh Document with the panel attached

Parameters:

• doc (bokeh.Document (optional)) – The bokeh Document to attach the panel to as a root, defaults to bokeh.io.curdoc()

• title (str) – A string title to give the Document

• location (boolean or panel.io.location.Location) – Whether to create a Location component to observe and set the URL location.

Returns:

doc – The bokeh document the panel was attached to

Return type:

bokeh.Document

show(title: Optional[str] = None, port: int = 0, address: Optional[str] = None, websocket_origin: Optional[str] = None, threaded: bool = False, verbose: bool = True, open: bool = True, location: bool | 'Location' = True, **kwargs) → threading.Thread | 'Server'

Starts a Bokeh server and displays the Viewable in a new tab.

Parameters:

• title (str | None) – A string title to give the Document (if served as an app)

• port (int (optional, default=0)) – Allows specifying a specific port

• address (str) – The address the server should listen on for HTTP requests.

• websocket_origin (str or list(str) (optional)) – A list of hosts that can connect to the websocket. This is typically required when embedding a server app in an external web site. If None, “localhost” is used.

• threaded (boolean (optional, default=False)) – Whether to launch the Server on a separate thread, allowing interactive use.

• verbose (boolean (optional, default=True)) – Whether to print the address and port

• open (boolean (optional, default=True)) – Whether to open the server in a new browser tab

• location (boolean or panel.io.location.Location) – Whether to create a Location component to observe and set the URL location.

Returns:

server – Returns the Bokeh server instance or the thread the server was launched on (if threaded=True)

Return type:

bokeh.server.Server or threading.Thread

class panel.layout.FlexBox(*objects, **params)

Bases: ListLike, ReactiveHTML

The FlexBox is a list-like layout (unlike GridSpec) that wraps objects into a CSS flex container.

It has a list-like API with methods to append, extend, clear, insert, pop, remove and __setitem__, which makes it possible to interactively update and modify the layout. It exposes all the CSS options for controlling the behavior and layout of the flex box.

Reference: https://panel.holoviz.org/reference/layouts/FlexBox.html

Example:

>>> pn.FlexBox(
...    some_python_object, another_python_object, ...,
...    the_last_python_object
... )

Parameters inherited from:

panel.viewable.Layoutable: align, aspect_ratio, background, css_classes, design, height, min_width, min_height, max_width, max_height, margin, styles, stylesheets, tags, width, width_policy, height_policy, sizing_mode, visible

panel.viewable.Viewable: loading

panel.layout.base.ListLike: objects

align_content = param.Selector(default=’flex-start’, label=’Align content’, objects=[‘normal’, ‘flex-start’, ‘flex-end’, ‘center’, ‘space-between’, ‘space-around’, ‘space-evenly’, ‘stretch’, ‘start’, ‘end’, ‘baseline’, ‘first baseline’, ‘last baseline’])

Defines how a flex container’s lines align when there is extra space in the cross-axis.

align_items = param.Selector(default=’flex-start’, label=’Align items’, objects=[‘stretch’, ‘flex-start’, ‘flex-end’, ‘center’, ‘baseline’, ‘first baseline’, ‘last baseline’, ‘start’, ‘end’, ‘self-start’, ‘self-end’])

Defines the default behavior for how flex items are laid out along the cross axis on the current line.

flex_direction = param.Selector(default=’row’, label=’Flex direction’, objects=[‘row’, ‘row-reverse’, ‘column’, ‘column-reverse’])

This establishes the main-axis, thus defining the direction flex items are placed in the flex container.

flex_wrap = param.Selector(default=’wrap’, label=’Flex wrap’, objects=[‘nowrap’, ‘wrap’, ‘wrap-reverse’])

Whether and how to wrap items in the flex container.

justify_content = param.Selector(default=’flex-start’, label=’Justify content’, objects=[‘flex-start’, ‘flex-end’, ‘center’, ‘space-between’, ‘space-around’, ‘space-evenly’, ‘start’, ‘end’, ‘left’, ‘right’])

Defines the alignment along the main axis.

app(notebook_url: str = 'localhost:8888', port: int = 0) → Server

Displays a bokeh server app inline in the notebook.

Parameters:

• notebook_url (str) – URL to the notebook server

• port (int (optional, default=0)) – Allows specifying a specific port

append(obj: Any) → None

Appends an object to the layout.

Parameters:

(object) (obj) –

clear() → None

Clears the objects on this layout.

clone(*objects: Any, **params: Any) → ListLike

Makes a copy of the layout sharing the same parameters.

Parameters:

• objects (Objects to add to the cloned layout.) –

• params (Keyword arguments override the parameters on the clone.) –

Return type:

Cloned layout object

controls(parameters: List[str] = [], jslink: bool = True, **kwargs) → Panel

Creates a set of widgets which allow manipulating the parameters on this instance. By default all parameters which support linking are exposed, but an explicit list of parameters can be provided.

Parameters:

• parameters (list(str)) – An explicit list of parameters to return controls for.

• jslink (bool) – Whether to use jslinks instead of Python based links. This does not allow using all types of parameters.

• kwargs (dict) – Additional kwargs to pass to the Param pane(s) used to generate the controls widgets.

Return type:

A layout of the controls

embed(max_states: int = 1000, max_opts: int = 3, json: bool = False, json_prefix: str = '', save_path: str = './', load_path: Optional[str] = None, progress: bool = False, states={}) → None

Renders a static version of a panel in a notebook by evaluating the set of states defined by the widgets in the model. Note this will only work well for simple apps with a relatively small state space.

Parameters:

• max_states (int) – The maximum number of states to embed

• max_opts (int) – The maximum number of states for a single widget

• json (boolean (default=True)) – Whether to export the data to json files

• json_prefix (str (default='')) – Prefix for JSON filename

• save_path (str (default='./')) – The path to save json files to

• load_path (str (default=None)) – The path or URL the json files will be loaded from.

• progress (boolean (default=False)) – Whether to report progress

• states (dict (default={})) – A dictionary specifying the widget values to embed for each widget

extend(objects: Iterable[Any]) → None

Extends the objects on this layout with a list.

Parameters:

(list) (objects) –

get_root(doc: Optional[Document] = None, comm: Optional[Comm] = None, preprocess: bool = True) → Model

Returns the root model and applies pre-processing hooks

Parameters:

• doc (bokeh.Document) – Bokeh document the bokeh model will be attached to.

• comm (pyviz_comms.Comm) – Optional pyviz_comms when working in notebook

• preprocess (boolean (default=True)) – Whether to run preprocessing hooks

Return type:

Returns the bokeh model corresponding to this panel object

insert(index: int, obj: Any) → None

Inserts an object in the layout at the specified index.

Parameters:

• (int) (index) –

• (object) (object) –

jscallback(args: Dict[str, Any] = {}, **callbacks: str) → Callback

Allows defining a JS callback to be triggered when a property changes on the source object. The keyword arguments define the properties that trigger a callback and the JS code that gets executed.

Parameters:

• args (dict) – A mapping of objects to make available to the JS callback

• **callbacks (dict) – A mapping between properties on the source model and the code to execute when that property changes

Returns:

callback – The Callback which can be used to disable the callback.

Return type:

Callback

jslink(target: JSLinkTarget, code: Dict[str, str] = None, args: Optional[Dict] = None, bidirectional: bool = False, **links: str) → Link

Links properties on the this Reactive object to those on the target Reactive object in JS code.

Supports two modes, either specify a mapping between the source and target model properties as keywords or provide a dictionary of JS code snippets which maps from the source parameter to a JS code snippet which is executed when the property changes.

Parameters:

• target (panel.viewable.Viewable | bokeh.model.Model | holoviews.core.dimension.Dimensioned) – The target to link the value to.

• code (dict) – Custom code which will be executed when the widget value changes.

• args (dict) – A mapping of objects to make available to the JS callback

• bidirectional (boolean) – Whether to link source and target bi-directionally

• **links (dict) – A mapping between properties on the source model and the target model property to link it to.

Returns:

link – The GenericLink which can be used unlink the widget and the target model.

Return type:

GenericLink

link(target: param.Parameterized, callbacks: Optional[Dict[str, str | Callable]] = None, bidirectional: bool = False, **links: str) → Watcher

Links the parameters on this Reactive object to attributes on the target Parameterized object.

Supports two modes, either specify a mapping between the source and target object parameters as keywords or provide a dictionary of callbacks which maps from the source parameter to a callback which is triggered when the parameter changes.

Parameters:

• target (param.Parameterized) – The target object of the link.

• callbacks (dict | None) – Maps from a parameter in the source object to a callback.

• bidirectional (bool) – Whether to link source and target bi-directionally

• **links (dict) – Maps between parameters on this object to the parameters on the supplied object.

on_event(node: str, event: str, callback: Callable) → None

Registers a callback to be executed when the specified DOM event is triggered on the named node. Note that the named node must be declared in the HTML. To create a named node you must give it an id of the form id=”name”, where name will be the node identifier.

Parameters:

• node (str) – Named node in the HTML identifiable via id of the form id=”name”.

• event (str) – Name of the DOM event to add an event listener to.

• callback (callable) – A callable which will be given the DOMEvent object.

pop(index: int) → Viewable

Pops an item from the layout by index.

Parameters:

(int) (index) –

pprint() → None

Prints a compositional repr of the class.

remove(obj: Viewable) → None

Removes an object from the layout.

Parameters:

(object) (obj) –

reverse() → None

Reverses the objects in the layout.

save(filename: str | os.PathLike | IO, title: Optional[str] = None, resources: Resources | None = None, template: str | Template | None = None, template_variables: Dict[str, Any] = {}, embed: bool = False, max_states: int = 1000, max_opts: int = 3, embed_json: bool = False, json_prefix: str = '', save_path: str = './', load_path: Optional[str] = None, progress: bool = True, embed_states: Dict[Any, Any] = {}, as_png: bool | None = None, **kwargs) → None

Saves Panel objects to file.

Parameters:

• filename (str or file-like object) – Filename to save the plot to

• title (string) – Optional title for the plot

• resources (bokeh resources) – One of the valid bokeh.resources (e.g. CDN or INLINE)

• template – passed to underlying io.save

• template_variables – passed to underlying io.save

• embed (bool) – Whether the state space should be embedded in the saved file.

• max_states (int) – The maximum number of states to embed

• max_opts (int) – The maximum number of states for a single widget

• embed_json (boolean (default=True)) – Whether to export the data to json files

• json_prefix (str (default='')) – Prefix for the auto-generated json directory

• save_path (str (default='./')) – The path to save json files to

• load_path (str (default=None)) – The path or URL the json files will be loaded from.

• progress (boolean (default=True)) – Whether to report progress

• embed_states (dict (default={})) – A dictionary specifying the widget values to embed for each widget

• as_png (boolean (default=None)) – To save as a .png. If None save_png will be true if filename is string and ends with png.

select(selector=None)

Iterates over the Viewable and any potential children in the applying the Selector.

Parameters:

selector (type or callable or None) – The selector allows selecting a subset of Viewables by declaring a type or callable function to filter by.

Returns:

viewables

Return type:

list(Viewable)

servable(title: Optional[str] = None, location: bool | 'Location' = True, area: str = 'main', target: Optional[str] = None) → ServableMixin

Serves the object or adds it to the configured pn.state.template if in a panel serve context, writes to the DOM if in a pyodide context and returns the Panel object to allow it to display itself in a notebook context.

Parameters:

• title (str) – A string title to give the Document (if served as an app)

• location (boolean or panel.io.location.Location) – Whether to create a Location component to observe and set the URL location.

• area (str (deprecated)) – The area of a template to add the component too. Only has an effect if pn.config.template has been set.

• target (str) – Target area to write to. If a template has been configured on pn.config.template this refers to the target area in the template while in pyodide this refers to the ID of the DOM node to write to.

Return type:

The Panel object itself

server_doc(doc: Optional[Document] = None, title: Optional[str] = None, location: bool | 'Location' = True) → Document

Returns a serveable bokeh Document with the panel attached

Parameters:

• doc (bokeh.Document (optional)) – The bokeh Document to attach the panel to as a root, defaults to bokeh.io.curdoc()

• title (str) – A string title to give the Document

• location (boolean or panel.io.location.Location) – Whether to create a Location component to observe and set the URL location.

Returns:

doc – The bokeh document the panel was attached to

Return type:

bokeh.Document

show(title: Optional[str] = None, port: int = 0, address: Optional[str] = None, websocket_origin: Optional[str] = None, threaded: bool = False, verbose: bool = True, open: bool = True, location: bool | 'Location' = True, **kwargs) → threading.Thread | 'Server'

Starts a Bokeh server and displays the Viewable in a new tab.

Parameters:

• title (str | None) – A string title to give the Document (if served as an app)

• port (int (optional, default=0)) – Allows specifying a specific port

• address (str) – The address the server should listen on for HTTP requests.

• websocket_origin (str or list(str) (optional)) – A list of hosts that can connect to the websocket. This is typically required when embedding a server app in an external web site. If None, “localhost” is used.

• threaded (boolean (optional, default=False)) – Whether to launch the Server on a separate thread, allowing interactive use.

• verbose (boolean (optional, default=True)) – Whether to print the address and port

• open (boolean (optional, default=True)) – Whether to open the server in a new browser tab

• location (boolean or panel.io.location.Location) – Whether to create a Location component to observe and set the URL location.

Returns:

server – Returns the Bokeh server instance or the thread the server was launched on (if threaded=True)

Return type:

bokeh.server.Server or threading.Thread

class panel.layout.FloatPanel(*objects, name='', **params)

Bases: ListLike, ReactiveHTML

Float provides a floating panel layout.

Parameters inherited from:

panel.viewable.Layoutable: align, aspect_ratio, background, css_classes, design, height, min_width, min_height, max_width, max_height, margin, styles, stylesheets, tags, width, width_policy, height_policy, sizing_mode, visible

panel.viewable.Viewable: loading

panel.layout.base.ListLike: objects

config = param.Dict(class_=<class ‘dict’>, default={}, label=’Config’)

Additional jsPanel configuration with precedence over parameter values.

contained = param.Boolean(bounds=(0, 1), default=True, label=’Contained’)

Whether the component is contained within parent container or completely free floating.

position = param.Selector(default=’right-top’, label=’Position’, objects=[‘center’, ‘left-top’, ‘center-top’, ‘right-top’, ‘right-center’, ‘right-bottom’, ‘center-bottom’, ‘left-bottom’, ‘left-center’])

The initial position if the container is free-floating.

offsetx = param.Integer(allow_None=True, bounds=(0, None), inclusive_bounds=(True, True), label=’Offsetx’)

Horizontal offset in pixels.

offsety = param.Integer(allow_None=True, bounds=(0, None), inclusive_bounds=(True, True), label=’Offsety’)

Vertical offset in pixels.

theme = param.String(default=’primary’, label=’Theme’)

The theme which can be one of: - Built-ins: ‘default’, ‘primary’, ‘secondary’, ‘info’, ‘success’, ‘warning’, ‘danger’, ‘light’, ‘dark’ and ‘none’ - HEX, RGB and HSL color values like ‘#123456’ Any standardized color name like ‘forestgreen’ and color names from the Material Design Color System like ‘purple900’ - Additionally a theme string may include one of the modifiers ‘filled’, ‘filledlight’, ‘filleddark’ or ‘fillcolor’ separated from the theme color by a space like ‘primary

status = param.Selector(default=’normalized’, label=’Status’, objects=[‘normalized’, ‘maximized’, ‘minimized’, ‘smallified’, ‘smallifiedmax’, ‘closed’])

The current status of the panel.

app(notebook_url: str = 'localhost:8888', port: int = 0) → Server

Displays a bokeh server app inline in the notebook.

Parameters:

• notebook_url (str) – URL to the notebook server

• port (int (optional, default=0)) – Allows specifying a specific port

append(obj: Any) → None

Appends an object to the layout.

Parameters:

(object) (obj) –

clear() → None

Clears the objects on this layout.

clone(*objects: Any, **params: Any) → ListLike

Makes a copy of the layout sharing the same parameters.

Parameters:

• objects (Objects to add to the cloned layout.) –

• params (Keyword arguments override the parameters on the clone.) –

Return type:

Cloned layout object

controls(parameters: List[str] = [], jslink: bool = True, **kwargs) → Panel

Creates a set of widgets which allow manipulating the parameters on this instance. By default all parameters which support linking are exposed, but an explicit list of parameters can be provided.

Parameters:

• parameters (list(str)) – An explicit list of parameters to return controls for.

• jslink (bool) – Whether to use jslinks instead of Python based links. This does not allow using all types of parameters.

• kwargs (dict) – Additional kwargs to pass to the Param pane(s) used to generate the controls widgets.

Return type:

A layout of the controls

embed(max_states: int = 1000, max_opts: int = 3, json: bool = False, json_prefix: str = '', save_path: str = './', load_path: Optional[str] = None, progress: bool = False, states={}) → None

Renders a static version of a panel in a notebook by evaluating the set of states defined by the widgets in the model. Note this will only work well for simple apps with a relatively small state space.

Parameters:

• max_states (int) – The maximum number of states to embed

• max_opts (int) – The maximum number of states for a single widget

• json (boolean (default=True)) – Whether to export the data to json files

• json_prefix (str (default='')) – Prefix for JSON filename

• save_path (str (default='./')) – The path to save json files to

• load_path (str (default=None)) – The path or URL the json files will be loaded from.

• progress (boolean (default=False)) – Whether to report progress

• states (dict (default={})) – A dictionary specifying the widget values to embed for each widget

extend(objects: Iterable[Any]) → None

Extends the objects on this layout with a list.

Parameters:

(list) (objects) –

get_root(doc: Optional[Document] = None, comm: Optional[Comm] = None, preprocess: bool = True) → Model

Returns the root model and applies pre-processing hooks

Parameters:

• doc (bokeh.Document) – Bokeh document the bokeh model will be attached to.

• comm (pyviz_comms.Comm) – Optional pyviz_comms when working in notebook

• preprocess (boolean (default=True)) – Whether to run preprocessing hooks

Return type:

Returns the bokeh model corresponding to this panel object

insert(index: int, obj: Any) → None

Inserts an object in the layout at the specified index.

Parameters:

• (int) (index) –

• (object) (object) –

jscallback(args: Dict[str, Any] = {}, **callbacks: str) → Callback

Allows defining a JS callback to be triggered when a property changes on the source object. The keyword arguments define the properties that trigger a callback and the JS code that gets executed.

Parameters:

• args (dict) – A mapping of objects to make available to the JS callback

• **callbacks (dict) – A mapping between properties on the source model and the code to execute when that property changes

Returns:

callback – The Callback which can be used to disable the callback.

Return type:

Callback

jslink(target: JSLinkTarget, code: Dict[str, str] = None, args: Optional[Dict] = None, bidirectional: bool = False, **links: str) → Link

Links properties on the this Reactive object to those on the target Reactive object in JS code.

Supports two modes, either specify a mapping between the source and target model properties as keywords or provide a dictionary of JS code snippets which maps from the source parameter to a JS code snippet which is executed when the property changes.

Parameters:

• target (panel.viewable.Viewable | bokeh.model.Model | holoviews.core.dimension.Dimensioned) – The target to link the value to.

• code (dict) – Custom code which will be executed when the widget value changes.

• args (dict) – A mapping of objects to make available to the JS callback

• bidirectional (boolean) – Whether to link source and target bi-directionally

• **links (dict) – A mapping between properties on the source model and the target model property to link it to.

Returns:

link – The GenericLink which can be used unlink the widget and the target model.

Return type:

GenericLink

link(target: param.Parameterized, callbacks: Optional[Dict[str, str | Callable]] = None, bidirectional: bool = False, **links: str) → Watcher

Links the parameters on this Reactive object to attributes on the target Parameterized object.

Supports two modes, either specify a mapping between the source and target object parameters as keywords or provide a dictionary of callbacks which maps from the source parameter to a callback which is triggered when the parameter changes.

Parameters:

• target (param.Parameterized) – The target object of the link.

• callbacks (dict | None) – Maps from a parameter in the source object to a callback.

• bidirectional (bool) – Whether to link source and target bi-directionally

• **links (dict) – Maps between parameters on this object to the parameters on the supplied object.

on_event(node: str, event: str, callback: Callable) → None

Registers a callback to be executed when the specified DOM event is triggered on the named node. Note that the named node must be declared in the HTML. To create a named node you must give it an id of the form id=”name”, where name will be the node identifier.

Parameters:

• node (str) – Named node in the HTML identifiable via id of the form id=”name”.

• event (str) – Name of the DOM event to add an event listener to.

• callback (callable) – A callable which will be given the DOMEvent object.

pop(index: int) → Viewable

Pops an item from the layout by index.

Parameters:

(int) (index) –

pprint() → None

Prints a compositional repr of the class.

remove(obj: Viewable) → None

Removes an object from the layout.

Parameters:

(object) (obj) –

reverse() → None

Reverses the objects in the layout.

save(filename: str | os.PathLike | IO, title: Optional[str] = None, resources: Resources | None = None, template: str | Template | None = None, template_variables: Dict[str, Any] = {}, embed: bool = False, max_states: int = 1000, max_opts: int = 3, embed_json: bool = False, json_prefix: str = '', save_path: str = './', load_path: Optional[str] = None, progress: bool = True, embed_states: Dict[Any, Any] = {}, as_png: bool | None = None, **kwargs) → None

Saves Panel objects to file.

Parameters:

• filename (str or file-like object) – Filename to save the plot to

• title (string) – Optional title for the plot

• resources (bokeh resources) – One of the valid bokeh.resources (e.g. CDN or INLINE)

• template – passed to underlying io.save

• template_variables – passed to underlying io.save

• embed (bool) – Whether the state space should be embedded in the saved file.

• max_states (int) – The maximum number of states to embed

• max_opts (int) – The maximum number of states for a single widget

• embed_json (boolean (default=True)) – Whether to export the data to json files

• json_prefix (str (default='')) – Prefix for the auto-generated json directory

• save_path (str (default='./')) – The path to save json files to

• load_path (str (default=None)) – The path or URL the json files will be loaded from.

• progress (boolean (default=True)) – Whether to report progress

• embed_states (dict (default={})) – A dictionary specifying the widget values to embed for each widget

• as_png (boolean (default=None)) – To save as a .png. If None save_png will be true if filename is string and ends with png.

select(selector: Optional[type | Callable[['Viewable'], bool]] = None) → List['Viewable']

Iterates over the Viewable and any potential children in the applying the Selector.

Parameters:

selector (type or callable or None) – The selector allows selecting a subset of Viewables by declaring a type or callable function to filter by.

Returns:

viewables

Return type:

list(Viewable)

servable(title: Optional[str] = None, location: bool | 'Location' = True, area: str = 'main', target: Optional[str] = None) → ServableMixin

Serves the object or adds it to the configured pn.state.template if in a panel serve context, writes to the DOM if in a pyodide context and returns the Panel object to allow it to display itself in a notebook context.

Parameters:

• title (str) – A string title to give the Document (if served as an app)

• location (boolean or panel.io.location.Location) – Whether to create a Location component to observe and set the URL location.

• area (str (deprecated)) – The area of a template to add the component too. Only has an effect if pn.config.template has been set.

• target (str) – Target area to write to. If a template has been configured on pn.config.template this refers to the target area in the template while in pyodide this refers to the ID of the DOM node to write to.

Return type:

The Panel object itself

server_doc(doc: Optional[Document] = None, title: Optional[str] = None, location: bool | 'Location' = True) → Document

Returns a serveable bokeh Document with the panel attached

Parameters:

• doc (bokeh.Document (optional)) – The bokeh Document to attach the panel to as a root, defaults to bokeh.io.curdoc()

• title (str) – A string title to give the Document

• location (boolean or panel.io.location.Location) – Whether to create a Location component to observe and set the URL location.

Returns:

doc – The bokeh document the panel was attached to

Return type:

bokeh.Document

show(title: Optional[str] = None, port: int = 0, address: Optional[str] = None, websocket_origin: Optional[str] = None, threaded: bool = False, verbose: bool = True, open: bool = True, location: bool | 'Location' = True, **kwargs) → threading.Thread | 'Server'

Starts a Bokeh server and displays the Viewable in a new tab.

Parameters:

• title (str | None) – A string title to give the Document (if served as an app)

• port (int (optional, default=0)) – Allows specifying a specific port

• address (str) – The address the server should listen on for HTTP requests.

• websocket_origin (str or list(str) (optional)) – A list of hosts that can connect to the websocket. This is typically required when embedding a server app in an external web site. If None, “localhost” is used.

• threaded (boolean (optional, default=False)) – Whether to launch the Server on a separate thread, allowing interactive use.

• verbose (boolean (optional, default=True)) – Whether to print the address and port

• open (boolean (optional, default=True)) – Whether to open the server in a new browser tab

• location (boolean or panel.io.location.Location) – Whether to create a Location component to observe and set the URL location.

Returns:

server – Returns the Bokeh server instance or the thread the server was launched on (if threaded=True)

Return type:

bokeh.server.Server or threading.Thread

class panel.layout.GridBox(*objects: Any, **params: Any)

Bases: ListPanel

The GridBox is a list-like layout (unlike GridSpec) that wraps objects into a grid according to the specified nrows and ncols parameters.

It has a list-like API with methods to append, extend, clear, insert, pop, remove and __setitem__, which makes it possible to interactively update and modify the layout.

Reference: https://panel.holoviz.org/reference/layouts/GridBox.html

Example:

>>> pn.GridBox(
...    python_object_1, python_object_2, ...,
...    python_object_24, ncols=6
... )

Parameters inherited from:

panel.viewable.Layoutable: align, aspect_ratio, background, css_classes, design, height, min_width, min_height, max_width, max_height, margin, styles, stylesheets, tags, width, width_policy, height_policy, sizing_mode, visible

panel.viewable.Viewable: loading

panel.layout.base.ListLike: objects

panel.layout.base.ListPanel: scroll

nrows = param.Integer(allow_None=True, bounds=(0, None), inclusive_bounds=(True, True), label=’Nrows’)

Number of rows to reflow the layout into.

ncols = param.Integer(allow_None=True, bounds=(0, None), inclusive_bounds=(True, True), label=’Ncols’)

Number of columns to reflow the layout into.

app(notebook_url: str = 'localhost:8888', port: int = 0) → Server

Displays a bokeh server app inline in the notebook.

Parameters:

• notebook_url (str) – URL to the notebook server

• port (int (optional, default=0)) – Allows specifying a specific port

append(obj: Any) → None

Appends an object to the layout.

Parameters:

(object) (obj) –

clear() → None

Clears the objects on this layout.

clone(*objects: Any, **params: Any) → ListLike

Makes a copy of the layout sharing the same parameters.

Parameters:

• objects (Objects to add to the cloned layout.) –

• params (Keyword arguments override the parameters on the clone.) –

Return type:

Cloned layout object

controls(parameters: List[str] = [], jslink: bool = True, **kwargs) → Panel

Creates a set of widgets which allow manipulating the parameters on this instance. By default all parameters which support linking are exposed, but an explicit list of parameters can be provided.

Parameters:

• parameters (list(str)) – An explicit list of parameters to return controls for.

• jslink (bool) – Whether to use jslinks instead of Python based links. This does not allow using all types of parameters.

• kwargs (dict) – Additional kwargs to pass to the Param pane(s) used to generate the controls widgets.

Return type:

A layout of the controls

embed(max_states: int = 1000, max_opts: int = 3, json: bool = False, json_prefix: str = '', save_path: str = './', load_path: Optional[str] = None, progress: bool = False, states={}) → None

Renders a static version of a panel in a notebook by evaluating the set of states defined by the widgets in the model. Note this will only work well for simple apps with a relatively small state space.

Parameters:

• max_states (int) – The maximum number of states to embed

• max_opts (int) – The maximum number of states for a single widget

• json (boolean (default=True)) – Whether to export the data to json files

• json_prefix (str (default='')) – Prefix for JSON filename

• save_path (str (default='./')) – The path to save json files to

• load_path (str (default=None)) – The path or URL the json files will be loaded from.

• progress (boolean (default=False)) – Whether to report progress

• states (dict (default={})) – A dictionary specifying the widget values to embed for each widget

extend(objects: Iterable[Any]) → None

Extends the objects on this layout with a list.

Parameters:

(list) (objects) –

get_root(doc: Optional[Document] = None, comm: Optional[Comm] = None, preprocess: bool = True) → Model

Returns the root model and applies pre-processing hooks

Parameters:

• doc (bokeh.Document) – Bokeh document the bokeh model will be attached to.

• comm (pyviz_comms.Comm) – Optional pyviz_comms when working in notebook

• preprocess (boolean (default=True)) – Whether to run preprocessing hooks

Return type:

Returns the bokeh model corresponding to this panel object

insert(index: int, obj: Any) → None

Inserts an object in the layout at the specified index.

Parameters:

• (int) (index) –

• (object) (object) –

jscallback(args: Dict[str, Any] = {}, **callbacks: str) → Callback

Allows defining a JS callback to be triggered when a property changes on the source object. The keyword arguments define the properties that trigger a callback and the JS code that gets executed.

Parameters:

• args (dict) – A mapping of objects to make available to the JS callback

• **callbacks (dict) – A mapping between properties on the source model and the code to execute when that property changes

Returns:

callback – The Callback which can be used to disable the callback.

Return type:

Callback

jslink(target: JSLinkTarget, code: Dict[str, str] = None, args: Optional[Dict] = None, bidirectional: bool = False, **links: str) → Link

Links properties on the this Reactive object to those on the target Reactive object in JS code.

Supports two modes, either specify a mapping between the source and target model properties as keywords or provide a dictionary of JS code snippets which maps from the source parameter to a JS code snippet which is executed when the property changes.

Parameters:

• target (panel.viewable.Viewable | bokeh.model.Model | holoviews.core.dimension.Dimensioned) – The target to link the value to.

• code (dict) – Custom code which will be executed when the widget value changes.

• args (dict) – A mapping of objects to make available to the JS callback

• bidirectional (boolean) – Whether to link source and target bi-directionally

• **links (dict) – A mapping between properties on the source model and the target model property to link it to.

Returns:

link – The GenericLink which can be used unlink the widget and the target model.

Return type:

GenericLink

link(target: param.Parameterized, callbacks: Optional[Dict[str, str | Callable]] = None, bidirectional: bool = False, **links: str) → Watcher

Links the parameters on this Reactive object to attributes on the target Parameterized object.

Supports two modes, either specify a mapping between the source and target object parameters as keywords or provide a dictionary of callbacks which maps from the source parameter to a callback which is triggered when the parameter changes.

Parameters:

• target (param.Parameterized) – The target object of the link.

• callbacks (dict | None) – Maps from a parameter in the source object to a callback.

• bidirectional (bool) – Whether to link source and target bi-directionally

• **links (dict) – Maps between parameters on this object to the parameters on the supplied object.

pop(index: int) → Viewable

Pops an item from the layout by index.

Parameters:

(int) (index) –

pprint() → None

Prints a compositional repr of the class.

remove(obj: Viewable) → None

Removes an object from the layout.

Parameters:

(object) (obj) –

reverse() → None

Reverses the objects in the layout.

save(filename: str | os.PathLike | IO, title: Optional[str] = None, resources: Resources | None = None, template: str | Template | None = None, template_variables: Dict[str, Any] = {}, embed: bool = False, max_states: int = 1000, max_opts: int = 3, embed_json: bool = False, json_prefix: str = '', save_path: str = './', load_path: Optional[str] = None, progress: bool = True, embed_states: Dict[Any, Any] = {}, as_png: bool | None = None, **kwargs) → None

Saves Panel objects to file.

Parameters:

• filename (str or file-like object) – Filename to save the plot to

• title (string) – Optional title for the plot

• resources (bokeh resources) – One of the valid bokeh.resources (e.g. CDN or INLINE)

• template – passed to underlying io.save

• template_variables – passed to underlying io.save

• embed (bool) – Whether the state space should be embedded in the saved file.

• max_states (int) – The maximum number of states to embed

• max_opts (int) – The maximum number of states for a single widget

• embed_json (boolean (default=True)) – Whether to export the data to json files

• json_prefix (str (default='')) – Prefix for the auto-generated json directory

• save_path (str (default='./')) – The path to save json files to

• load_path (str (default=None)) – The path or URL the json files will be loaded from.

• progress (boolean (default=True)) – Whether to report progress

• embed_states (dict (default={})) – A dictionary specifying the widget values to embed for each widget

• as_png (boolean (default=None)) – To save as a .png. If None save_png will be true if filename is string and ends with png.

select(selector=None)

Iterates over the Viewable and any potential children in the applying the Selector.

Parameters:

selector (type or callable or None) – The selector allows selecting a subset of Viewables by declaring a type or callable function to filter by.

Returns:

viewables

Return type:

list(Viewable)

servable(title: Optional[str] = None, location: bool | 'Location' = True, area: str = 'main', target: Optional[str] = None) → ServableMixin

Serves the object or adds it to the configured pn.state.template if in a panel serve context, writes to the DOM if in a pyodide context and returns the Panel object to allow it to display itself in a notebook context.

Parameters:

• title (str) – A string title to give the Document (if served as an app)

• location (boolean or panel.io.location.Location) – Whether to create a Location component to observe and set the URL location.

• area (str (deprecated)) – The area of a template to add the component too. Only has an effect if pn.config.template has been set.

• target (str) – Target area to write to. If a template has been configured on pn.config.template this refers to the target area in the template while in pyodide this refers to the ID of the DOM node to write to.

Return type:

The Panel object itself

server_doc(doc: Optional[Document] = None, title: Optional[str] = None, location: bool | 'Location' = True) → Document

Returns a serveable bokeh Document with the panel attached

Parameters:

• doc (bokeh.Document (optional)) – The bokeh Document to attach the panel to as a root, defaults to bokeh.io.curdoc()

• title (str) – A string title to give the Document

• location (boolean or panel.io.location.Location) – Whether to create a Location component to observe and set the URL location.

Returns:

doc – The bokeh document the panel was attached to

Return type:

bokeh.Document

show(title: Optional[str] = None, port: int = 0, address: Optional[str] = None, websocket_origin: Optional[str] = None, threaded: bool = False, verbose: bool = True, open: bool = True, location: bool | 'Location' = True, **kwargs) → threading.Thread | 'Server'

Starts a Bokeh server and displays the Viewable in a new tab.

Parameters:

• title (str | None) – A string title to give the Document (if served as an app)

• port (int (optional, default=0)) – Allows specifying a specific port

• address (str) – The address the server should listen on for HTTP requests.

• websocket_origin (str or list(str) (optional)) – A list of hosts that can connect to the websocket. This is typically required when embedding a server app in an external web site. If None, “localhost” is used.

• threaded (boolean (optional, default=False)) – Whether to launch the Server on a separate thread, allowing interactive use.

• verbose (boolean (optional, default=True)) – Whether to print the address and port

• open (boolean (optional, default=True)) – Whether to open the server in a new browser tab

• location (boolean or panel.io.location.Location) – Whether to create a Location component to observe and set the URL location.

Returns:

server – Returns the Bokeh server instance or the thread the server was launched on (if threaded=True)

Return type:

bokeh.server.Server or threading.Thread

class panel.layout.GridSpec(**params)

Bases: Panel

Parameters inherited from:

panel.viewable.Layoutable: align, aspect_ratio, background, css_classes, design, height, min_width, min_height, max_width, max_height, margin, styles, stylesheets, tags, width, width_policy, height_policy, sizing_mode, visible

panel.viewable.Viewable: loading

objects = param.Dict(class_=<class ‘dict’>, default={}, label=’Objects’)

The dictionary of child objects that make up the grid.

mode = param.ObjectSelector(default=’warn’, label=’Mode’, objects=[‘warn’, ‘error’, ‘override’])

Whether to warn, error or simply override on overlapping assignment.

ncols = param.Integer(allow_None=True, bounds=(0, None), inclusive_bounds=(True, True), label=’Ncols’)

Limits the number of columns that can be assigned.

nrows = param.Integer(allow_None=True, bounds=(0, None), inclusive_bounds=(True, True), label=’Nrows’)

Limits the number of rows that can be assigned.

app(notebook_url: str = 'localhost:8888', port: int = 0) → Server

Displays a bokeh server app inline in the notebook.

Parameters:

• notebook_url (str) – URL to the notebook server

• port (int (optional, default=0)) – Allows specifying a specific port

clone(**params)

Makes a copy of the GridSpec sharing the same parameters.

Parameters:

params (Keyword arguments override the parameters on the clone.) –

Return type:

Cloned GridSpec object

controls(parameters: List[str] = [], jslink: bool = True, **kwargs) → Panel

Creates a set of widgets which allow manipulating the parameters on this instance. By default all parameters which support linking are exposed, but an explicit list of parameters can be provided.

Parameters:

• parameters (list(str)) – An explicit list of parameters to return controls for.

• jslink (bool) – Whether to use jslinks instead of Python based links. This does not allow using all types of parameters.

• kwargs (dict) – Additional kwargs to pass to the Param pane(s) used to generate the controls widgets.

Return type:

A layout of the controls

embed(max_states: int = 1000, max_opts: int = 3, json: bool = False, json_prefix: str = '', save_path: str = './', load_path: Optional[str] = None, progress: bool = False, states={}) → None

Renders a static version of a panel in a notebook by evaluating the set of states defined by the widgets in the model. Note this will only work well for simple apps with a relatively small state space.

Parameters:

• max_states (int) – The maximum number of states to embed

• max_opts (int) – The maximum number of states for a single widget

• json (boolean (default=True)) – Whether to export the data to json files

• json_prefix (str (default='')) – Prefix for JSON filename

• save_path (str (default='./')) – The path to save json files to

• load_path (str (default=None)) – The path or URL the json files will be loaded from.

• progress (boolean (default=False)) – Whether to report progress

• states (dict (default={})) – A dictionary specifying the widget values to embed for each widget

get_root(doc: Optional[Document] = None, comm: Optional[Comm] = None, preprocess: bool = True) → Model

Returns the root model and applies pre-processing hooks

Parameters:

• doc (bokeh.Document) – Bokeh document the bokeh model will be attached to.

• comm (pyviz_comms.Comm) – Optional pyviz_comms when working in notebook

• preprocess (boolean (default=True)) – Whether to run preprocessing hooks

Return type:

Returns the bokeh model corresponding to this panel object

jscallback(args: Dict[str, Any] = {}, **callbacks: str) → Callback

Allows defining a JS callback to be triggered when a property changes on the source object. The keyword arguments define the properties that trigger a callback and the JS code that gets executed.

Parameters:

• args (dict) – A mapping of objects to make available to the JS callback

• **callbacks (dict) – A mapping between properties on the source model and the code to execute when that property changes

Returns:

callback – The Callback which can be used to disable the callback.

Return type:

Callback

jslink(target: JSLinkTarget, code: Dict[str, str] = None, args: Optional[Dict] = None, bidirectional: bool = False, **links: str) → Link

Links properties on the this Reactive object to those on the target Reactive object in JS code.

Supports two modes, either specify a mapping between the source and target model properties as keywords or provide a dictionary of JS code snippets which maps from the source parameter to a JS code snippet which is executed when the property changes.

Parameters:

• target (panel.viewable.Viewable | bokeh.model.Model | holoviews.core.dimension.Dimensioned) – The target to link the value to.

• code (dict) – Custom code which will be executed when the widget value changes.

• args (dict) – A mapping of objects to make available to the JS callback

• bidirectional (boolean) – Whether to link source and target bi-directionally

• **links (dict) – A mapping between properties on the source model and the target model property to link it to.

Returns:

link – The GenericLink which can be used unlink the widget and the target model.

Return type:

GenericLink

link(target: param.Parameterized, callbacks: Optional[Dict[str, str | Callable]] = None, bidirectional: bool = False, **links: str) → Watcher

Links the parameters on this Reactive object to attributes on the target Parameterized object.

Supports two modes, either specify a mapping between the source and target object parameters as keywords or provide a dictionary of callbacks which maps from the source parameter to a callback which is triggered when the parameter changes.

Parameters:

• target (param.Parameterized) – The target object of the link.

• callbacks (dict | None) – Maps from a parameter in the source object to a callback.

• bidirectional (bool) – Whether to link source and target bi-directionally

• **links (dict) – Maps between parameters on this object to the parameters on the supplied object.

pprint() → None

Prints a compositional repr of the class.

save(filename: str | os.PathLike | IO, title: Optional[str] = None, resources: Resources | None = None, template: str | Template | None = None, template_variables: Dict[str, Any] = {}, embed: bool = False, max_states: int = 1000, max_opts: int = 3, embed_json: bool = False, json_prefix: str = '', save_path: str = './', load_path: Optional[str] = None, progress: bool = True, embed_states: Dict[Any, Any] = {}, as_png: bool | None = None, **kwargs) → None

Saves Panel objects to file.

Parameters:

• filename (str or file-like object) – Filename to save the plot to

• title (string) – Optional title for the plot

• resources (bokeh resources) – One of the valid bokeh.resources (e.g. CDN or INLINE)

• template – passed to underlying io.save

• template_variables – passed to underlying io.save

• embed (bool) – Whether the state space should be embedded in the saved file.

• max_states (int) – The maximum number of states to embed

• max_opts (int) – The maximum number of states for a single widget

• embed_json (boolean (default=True)) – Whether to export the data to json files

• json_prefix (str (default='')) – Prefix for the auto-generated json directory

• save_path (str (default='./')) – The path to save json files to

• load_path (str (default=None)) – The path or URL the json files will be loaded from.

• progress (boolean (default=True)) – Whether to report progress

• embed_states (dict (default={})) – A dictionary specifying the widget values to embed for each widget

• as_png (boolean (default=None)) – To save as a .png. If None save_png will be true if filename is string and ends with png.

select(selector=None)

Iterates over the Viewable and any potential children in the applying the Selector.

Parameters:

selector (type or callable or None) – The selector allows selecting a subset of Viewables by declaring a type or callable function to filter by.

Returns:

viewables

Return type:

list(Viewable)

servable(title: Optional[str] = None, location: bool | 'Location' = True, area: str = 'main', target: Optional[str] = None) → ServableMixin

Serves the object or adds it to the configured pn.state.template if in a panel serve context, writes to the DOM if in a pyodide context and returns the Panel object to allow it to display itself in a notebook context.

Parameters:

• title (str) – A string title to give the Document (if served as an app)

• location (boolean or panel.io.location.Location) – Whether to create a Location component to observe and set the URL location.

• area (str (deprecated)) – The area of a template to add the component too. Only has an effect if pn.config.template has been set.

• target (str) – Target area to write to. If a template has been configured on pn.config.template this refers to the target area in the template while in pyodide this refers to the ID of the DOM node to write to.

Return type:

The Panel object itself

server_doc(doc: Optional[Document] = None, title: Optional[str] = None, location: bool | 'Location' = True) → Document

Returns a serveable bokeh Document with the panel attached

Parameters:

• doc (bokeh.Document (optional)) – The bokeh Document to attach the panel to as a root, defaults to bokeh.io.curdoc()

• title (str) – A string title to give the Document

• location (boolean or panel.io.location.Location) – Whether to create a Location component to observe and set the URL location.

Returns:

doc – The bokeh document the panel was attached to

Return type:

bokeh.Document

show(title: Optional[str] = None, port: int = 0, address: Optional[str] = None, websocket_origin: Optional[str] = None, threaded: bool = False, verbose: bool = True, open: bool = True, location: bool | 'Location' = True, **kwargs) → threading.Thread | 'Server'

Starts a Bokeh server and displays the Viewable in a new tab.

Parameters:

• title (str | None) – A string title to give the Document (if served as an app)

• port (int (optional, default=0)) – Allows specifying a specific port

• address (str) – The address the server should listen on for HTTP requests.

• websocket_origin (str or list(str) (optional)) – A list of hosts that can connect to the websocket. This is typically required when embedding a server app in an external web site. If None, “localhost” is used.

• threaded (boolean (optional, default=False)) – Whether to launch the Server on a separate thread, allowing interactive use.

• verbose (boolean (optional, default=True)) – Whether to print the address and port

• open (boolean (optional, default=True)) – Whether to open the server in a new browser tab

• location (boolean or panel.io.location.Location) – Whether to create a Location component to observe and set the URL location.

Returns:

server – Returns the Bokeh server instance or the thread the server was launched on (if threaded=True)

Return type:

bokeh.server.Server or threading.Thread

class panel.layout.GridStack(**params)

Bases: ReactiveHTML, GridSpec

The GridStack layout allows arranging multiple Panel objects in a grid using a simple API to assign objects to individual grid cells or to a grid span.

Other layout containers function like lists, but a GridSpec has an API similar to a 2D array, making it possible to use 2D assignment to populate, index, and slice the grid.

Reference: https://panel.holoviz.org/reference/layouts/GridStack.html

Example:

>>> pn.extension('gridstack')
>>> gstack = GridStack(sizing_mode='stretch_both')
>>> gstack[ : , 0: 3] = pn.Spacer(styles=dict(background='red'))
>>> gstack[0:2, 3: 9] = pn.Spacer(styles=dict(background='green'))
>>> gstack[2:4, 6:12] = pn.Spacer(styles=dict(background='orange'))
>>> gstack[4:6, 3:12] = pn.Spacer(styles=dict(background='blue'))
>>> gstack[0:2, 9:12] = pn.Spacer(styles=dict(background='purple'))

Parameters inherited from:

panel.viewable.Layoutable: align, aspect_ratio, background, css_classes, design, min_width, min_height, max_width, max_height, margin, styles, stylesheets, tags, width_policy, height_policy, sizing_mode, visible

panel.viewable.Viewable: loading

panel.layout.grid.GridSpec: objects, mode, ncols, nrows

height = param.Integer(allow_None=True, bounds=(0, None), inclusive_bounds=(True, True), label=’Height’)

The height of the component (in pixels). This can be either fixed or preferred height, depending on height sizing policy.

width = param.Integer(allow_None=True, bounds=(0, None), inclusive_bounds=(True, True), label=’Width’)

The width of the component (in pixels). This can be either fixed or preferred width, depending on width sizing policy.

allow_resize = param.Boolean(bounds=(0, 1), default=True, label=’Allow resize’)

Allow resizing the grid cells.

allow_drag = param.Boolean(bounds=(0, 1), default=True, label=’Allow drag’)

Allow dragging the grid cells.

state = param.List(bounds=(0, None), default=[], label=’State’)

Current state of the grid (updated as items are resized and dragged).

app(notebook_url: str = 'localhost:8888', port: int = 0) → Server

Displays a bokeh server app inline in the notebook.

Parameters:

• notebook_url (str) – URL to the notebook server

• port (int (optional, default=0)) – Allows specifying a specific port

clone(**params)

Makes a copy of the GridSpec sharing the same parameters.

Parameters:

params (Keyword arguments override the parameters on the clone.) –

Return type:

Cloned GridSpec object

controls(parameters: List[str] = [], jslink: bool = True, **kwargs) → Panel

Creates a set of widgets which allow manipulating the parameters on this instance. By default all parameters which support linking are exposed, but an explicit list of parameters can be provided.

Parameters:

• parameters (list(str)) – An explicit list of parameters to return controls for.

• jslink (bool) – Whether to use jslinks instead of Python based links. This does not allow using all types of parameters.

• kwargs (dict) – Additional kwargs to pass to the Param pane(s) used to generate the controls widgets.

Return type:

A layout of the controls

embed(max_states: int = 1000, max_opts: int = 3, json: bool = False, json_prefix: str = '', save_path: str = './', load_path: Optional[str] = None, progress: bool = False, states={}) → None

Renders a static version of a panel in a notebook by evaluating the set of states defined by the widgets in the model. Note this will only work well for simple apps with a relatively small state space.

Parameters:

• max_states (int) – The maximum number of states to embed

• max_opts (int) – The maximum number of states for a single widget

• json (boolean (default=True)) – Whether to export the data to json files

• json_prefix (str (default='')) – Prefix for JSON filename

• save_path (str (default='./')) – The path to save json files to

• load_path (str (default=None)) – The path or URL the json files will be loaded from.

• progress (boolean (default=False)) – Whether to report progress

• states (dict (default={})) – A dictionary specifying the widget values to embed for each widget

get_root(doc: Optional[Document] = None, comm: Optional[Comm] = None, preprocess: bool = True) → Model

Returns the root model and applies pre-processing hooks

Parameters:

• doc (bokeh.Document) – Bokeh document the bokeh model will be attached to.

• comm (pyviz_comms.Comm) – Optional pyviz_comms when working in notebook

• preprocess (boolean (default=True)) – Whether to run preprocessing hooks

Return type:

Returns the bokeh model corresponding to this panel object

jscallback(args: Dict[str, Any] = {}, **callbacks: str) → Callback

Allows defining a JS callback to be triggered when a property changes on the source object. The keyword arguments define the properties that trigger a callback and the JS code that gets executed.

Parameters:

• args (dict) – A mapping of objects to make available to the JS callback

• **callbacks (dict) – A mapping between properties on the source model and the code to execute when that property changes

Returns:

callback – The Callback which can be used to disable the callback.

Return type:

Callback

jslink(target: JSLinkTarget, code: Dict[str, str] = None, args: Optional[Dict] = None, bidirectional: bool = False, **links: str) → Link

Links properties on the this Reactive object to those on the target Reactive object in JS code.

Supports two modes, either specify a mapping between the source and target model properties as keywords or provide a dictionary of JS code snippets which maps from the source parameter to a JS code snippet which is executed when the property changes.

Parameters:

• target (panel.viewable.Viewable | bokeh.model.Model | holoviews.core.dimension.Dimensioned) – The target to link the value to.

• code (dict) – Custom code which will be executed when the widget value changes.

• args (dict) – A mapping of objects to make available to the JS callback

• bidirectional (boolean) – Whether to link source and target bi-directionally

• **links (dict) – A mapping between properties on the source model and the target model property to link it to.

Returns:

link – The GenericLink which can be used unlink the widget and the target model.

Return type:

GenericLink

link(target: param.Parameterized, callbacks: Optional[Dict[str, str | Callable]] = None, bidirectional: bool = False, **links: str) → Watcher

Links the parameters on this Reactive object to attributes on the target Parameterized object.

Supports two modes, either specify a mapping between the source and target object parameters as keywords or provide a dictionary of callbacks which maps from the source parameter to a callback which is triggered when the parameter changes.

Parameters:

• target (param.Parameterized) – The target object of the link.

• callbacks (dict | None) – Maps from a parameter in the source object to a callback.

• bidirectional (bool) – Whether to link source and target bi-directionally

• **links (dict) – Maps between parameters on this object to the parameters on the supplied object.

on_event(node: str, event: str, callback: Callable) → None

Registers a callback to be executed when the specified DOM event is triggered on the named node. Note that the named node must be declared in the HTML. To create a named node you must give it an id of the form id=”name”, where name will be the node identifier.

Parameters:

• node (str) – Named node in the HTML identifiable via id of the form id=”name”.

• event (str) – Name of the DOM event to add an event listener to.

• callback (callable) – A callable which will be given the DOMEvent object.

pprint() → None

Prints a compositional repr of the class.

save(filename: str | os.PathLike | IO, title: Optional[str] = None, resources: Resources | None = None, template: str | Template | None = None, template_variables: Dict[str, Any] = {}, embed: bool = False, max_states: int = 1000, max_opts: int = 3, embed_json: bool = False, json_prefix: str = '', save_path: str = './', load_path: Optional[str] = None, progress: bool = True, embed_states: Dict[Any, Any] = {}, as_png: bool | None = None, **kwargs) → None

Saves Panel objects to file.

Parameters:

• filename (str or file-like object) – Filename to save the plot to

• title (string) – Optional title for the plot

• resources (bokeh resources) – One of the valid bokeh.resources (e.g. CDN or INLINE)

• template – passed to underlying io.save

• template_variables – passed to underlying io.save

• embed (bool) – Whether the state space should be embedded in the saved file.

• max_states (int) – The maximum number of states to embed

• max_opts (int) – The maximum number of states for a single widget

• embed_json (boolean (default=True)) – Whether to export the data to json files

• json_prefix (str (default='')) – Prefix for the auto-generated json directory

• save_path (str (default='./')) – The path to save json files to

• load_path (str (default=None)) – The path or URL the json files will be loaded from.

• progress (boolean (default=True)) – Whether to report progress

• embed_states (dict (default={})) – A dictionary specifying the widget values to embed for each widget

• as_png (boolean (default=None)) – To save as a .png. If None save_png will be true if filename is string and ends with png.

select(selector=None)

Iterates over the Viewable and any potential children in the applying the Selector.

Parameters:

selector (type or callable or None) – The selector allows selecting a subset of Viewables by declaring a type or callable function to filter by.

Returns:

viewables

Return type:

list(Viewable)

servable(title: Optional[str] = None, location: bool | 'Location' = True, area: str = 'main', target: Optional[str] = None) → ServableMixin

Serves the object or adds it to the configured pn.state.template if in a panel serve context, writes to the DOM if in a pyodide context and returns the Panel object to allow it to display itself in a notebook context.

Parameters:

• title (str) – A string title to give the Document (if served as an app)

• location (boolean or panel.io.location.Location) – Whether to create a Location component to observe and set the URL location.

• area (str (deprecated)) – The area of a template to add the component too. Only has an effect if pn.config.template has been set.

• target (str) – Target area to write to. If a template has been configured on pn.config.template this refers to the target area in the template while in pyodide this refers to the ID of the DOM node to write to.

Return type:

The Panel object itself

server_doc(doc: Optional[Document] = None, title: Optional[str] = None, location: bool | 'Location' = True) → Document

Returns a serveable bokeh Document with the panel attached

Parameters:

• doc (bokeh.Document (optional)) – The bokeh Document to attach the panel to as a root, defaults to bokeh.io.curdoc()

• title (str) – A string title to give the Document

• location (boolean or panel.io.location.Location) – Whether to create a Location component to observe and set the URL location.

Returns:

doc – The bokeh document the panel was attached to

Return type:

bokeh.Document

show(title: Optional[str] = None, port: int = 0, address: Optional[str] = None, websocket_origin: Optional[str] = None, threaded: bool = False, verbose: bool = True, open: bool = True, location: bool | 'Location' = True, **kwargs) → threading.Thread | 'Server'

Starts a Bokeh server and displays the Viewable in a new tab.

Parameters:

• title (str | None) – A string title to give the Document (if served as an app)

• port (int (optional, default=0)) – Allows specifying a specific port

• address (str) – The address the server should listen on for HTTP requests.

• websocket_origin (str or list(str) (optional)) – A list of hosts that can connect to the websocket. This is typically required when embedding a server app in an external web site. If None, “localhost” is used.

• threaded (boolean (optional, default=False)) – Whether to launch the Server on a separate thread, allowing interactive use.

• verbose (boolean (optional, default=True)) – Whether to print the address and port

• open (boolean (optional, default=True)) – Whether to open the server in a new browser tab

• location (boolean or panel.io.location.Location) – Whether to create a Location component to observe and set the URL location.

Returns:

server – Returns the Bokeh server instance or the thread the server was launched on (if threaded=True)

Return type:

bokeh.server.Server or threading.Thread

class panel.layout.HSpacer(refs=None, **params)

Bases: Spacer

The HSpacer layout provides responsive vertical spacing.

Using this component we can space objects equidistantly in a layout and allow the empty space to shrink when the browser is resized.

How-to: https://panel.holoviz.org/how_to/layout/spacing.html#spacer-components

Example:

>>> pn.Row(
...     pn.layout.HSpacer(), 'Item 1',
...     pn.layout.HSpacer(), 'Item 2',
...     pn.layout.HSpacer()
... )

Parameters inherited from:

panel.viewable.Layoutable: align, aspect_ratio, background, css_classes, design, height, min_width, min_height, max_width, max_height, margin, styles, stylesheets, tags, width, width_policy, height_policy, visible

panel.viewable.Viewable: loading

sizing_mode = param.Parameter(constant=True, default=’stretch_width’, label=’Sizing mode’, readonly=True)

How the component should size itself. This is a high-level setting for maintaining width and height of the component. To gain more fine grained control over sizing, use width_policy, height_policy and aspect_ratio instead (those take precedence over sizing_mode). "fixed" Component is not responsive. It will retain its original width and height regardless of any subsequent browser window resize events. "stretch_width" Component will responsively resize to stretch to the available width, without maintaining any aspect ratio. The height of the component depends on the type of the component and may be fixed or fit to component’s contents. "stretch_height" Component will responsively resize to stretch to the available height, without maintaining any aspect ratio. The width of the component depends on the type of the component and may be fixed or fit to component’s contents. "stretch_both" Component is completely responsive, independently in width and height, and will occupy all the available horizontal and vertical space, even if this changes the aspect ratio of the component. "scale_width" Component will responsively resize to stretch to the available width, while maintaining the original or provided aspect ratio. "scale_height" Component will responsively resize to stretch to the available height, while maintaining the original or provided aspect ratio. "scale_both" Component will responsively resize to both the available width and height, while maintaining the original or provided aspect ratio.

app(notebook_url: str = 'localhost:8888', port: int = 0) → Server

Displays a bokeh server app inline in the notebook.

Parameters:

• notebook_url (str) – URL to the notebook server

• port (int (optional, default=0)) – Allows specifying a specific port

clone(**params) → Viewable

Makes a copy of the object sharing the same parameters.

Parameters:

params (Keyword arguments override the parameters on the clone.) –

Return type:

Cloned Viewable object

controls(parameters: List[str] = [], jslink: bool = True, **kwargs) → Panel

Creates a set of widgets which allow manipulating the parameters on this instance. By default all parameters which support linking are exposed, but an explicit list of parameters can be provided.

Parameters:

• parameters (list(str)) – An explicit list of parameters to return controls for.

• jslink (bool) – Whether to use jslinks instead of Python based links. This does not allow using all types of parameters.

• kwargs (dict) – Additional kwargs to pass to the Param pane(s) used to generate the controls widgets.

Return type:

A layout of the controls

embed(max_states: int = 1000, max_opts: int = 3, json: bool = False, json_prefix: str = '', save_path: str = './', load_path: Optional[str] = None, progress: bool = False, states={}) → None

Renders a static version of a panel in a notebook by evaluating the set of states defined by the widgets in the model. Note this will only work well for simple apps with a relatively small state space.

Parameters:

• max_states (int) – The maximum number of states to embed

• max_opts (int) – The maximum number of states for a single widget

• json (boolean (default=True)) – Whether to export the data to json files

• json_prefix (str (default='')) – Prefix for JSON filename

• save_path (str (default='./')) – The path to save json files to

• load_path (str (default=None)) – The path or URL the json files will be loaded from.

• progress (boolean (default=False)) – Whether to report progress

• states (dict (default={})) – A dictionary specifying the widget values to embed for each widget

get_root(doc: Optional[Document] = None, comm: Optional[Comm] = None, preprocess: bool = True) → Model

Returns the root model and applies pre-processing hooks

Parameters:

• doc (bokeh.Document) – Bokeh document the bokeh model will be attached to.

• comm (pyviz_comms.Comm) – Optional pyviz_comms when working in notebook

• preprocess (boolean (default=True)) – Whether to run preprocessing hooks

Return type:

Returns the bokeh model corresponding to this panel object

jscallback(args: Dict[str, Any] = {}, **callbacks: str) → Callback

Allows defining a JS callback to be triggered when a property changes on the source object. The keyword arguments define the properties that trigger a callback and the JS code that gets executed.

Parameters:

• args (dict) – A mapping of objects to make available to the JS callback

• **callbacks (dict) – A mapping between properties on the source model and the code to execute when that property changes

Returns:

callback – The Callback which can be used to disable the callback.

Return type:

Callback

jslink(target: JSLinkTarget, code: Dict[str, str] = None, args: Optional[Dict] = None, bidirectional: bool = False, **links: str) → Link

Links properties on the this Reactive object to those on the target Reactive object in JS code.

Supports two modes, either specify a mapping between the source and target model properties as keywords or provide a dictionary of JS code snippets which maps from the source parameter to a JS code snippet which is executed when the property changes.

Parameters:

• target (panel.viewable.Viewable | bokeh.model.Model | holoviews.core.dimension.Dimensioned) – The target to link the value to.

• code (dict) – Custom code which will be executed when the widget value changes.

• args (dict) – A mapping of objects to make available to the JS callback

• bidirectional (boolean) – Whether to link source and target bi-directionally

• **links (dict) – A mapping between properties on the source model and the target model property to link it to.

Returns:

link – The GenericLink which can be used unlink the widget and the target model.

Return type:

GenericLink

link(target: param.Parameterized, callbacks: Optional[Dict[str, str | Callable]] = None, bidirectional: bool = False, **links: str) → Watcher

Links the parameters on this Reactive object to attributes on the target Parameterized object.

Supports two modes, either specify a mapping between the source and target object parameters as keywords or provide a dictionary of callbacks which maps from the source parameter to a callback which is triggered when the parameter changes.

Parameters:

• target (param.Parameterized) – The target object of the link.

• callbacks (dict | None) – Maps from a parameter in the source object to a callback.

• bidirectional (bool) – Whether to link source and target bi-directionally

• **links (dict) – Maps between parameters on this object to the parameters on the supplied object.

pprint() → None

Prints a compositional repr of the class.

save(filename: str | os.PathLike | IO, title: Optional[str] = None, resources: Resources | None = None, template: str | Template | None = None, template_variables: Dict[str, Any] = {}, embed: bool = False, max_states: int = 1000, max_opts: int = 3, embed_json: bool = False, json_prefix: str = '', save_path: str = './', load_path: Optional[str] = None, progress: bool = True, embed_states: Dict[Any, Any] = {}, as_png: bool | None = None, **kwargs) → None

Saves Panel objects to file.

Parameters:

• filename (str or file-like object) – Filename to save the plot to

• title (string) – Optional title for the plot

• resources (bokeh resources) – One of the valid bokeh.resources (e.g. CDN or INLINE)

• template – passed to underlying io.save

• template_variables – passed to underlying io.save

• embed (bool) – Whether the state space should be embedded in the saved file.

• max_states (int) – The maximum number of states to embed

• max_opts (int) – The maximum number of states for a single widget

• embed_json (boolean (default=True)) – Whether to export the data to json files

• json_prefix (str (default='')) – Prefix for the auto-generated json directory

• save_path (str (default='./')) – The path to save json files to

• load_path (str (default=None)) – The path or URL the json files will be loaded from.

• progress (boolean (default=True)) – Whether to report progress

• embed_states (dict (default={})) – A dictionary specifying the widget values to embed for each widget

• as_png (boolean (default=None)) – To save as a .png. If None save_png will be true if filename is string and ends with png.

select(selector: Optional[type | Callable[['Viewable'], bool]] = None) → List['Viewable']

Iterates over the Viewable and any potential children in the applying the Selector.

Parameters:

selector (type or callable or None) – The selector allows selecting a subset of Viewables by declaring a type or callable function to filter by.

Returns:

viewables

Return type:

list(Viewable)

servable(title: Optional[str] = None, location: bool | 'Location' = True, area: str = 'main', target: Optional[str] = None) → ServableMixin

Serves the object or adds it to the configured pn.state.template if in a panel serve context, writes to the DOM if in a pyodide context and returns the Panel object to allow it to display itself in a notebook context.

Parameters:

• title (str) – A string title to give the Document (if served as an app)

• location (boolean or panel.io.location.Location) – Whether to create a Location component to observe and set the URL location.

• area (str (deprecated)) – The area of a template to add the component too. Only has an effect if pn.config.template has been set.

• target (str) – Target area to write to. If a template has been configured on pn.config.template this refers to the target area in the template while in pyodide this refers to the ID of the DOM node to write to.

Return type:

The Panel object itself

server_doc(doc: Optional[Document] = None, title: Optional[str] = None, location: bool | 'Location' = True) → Document

Returns a serveable bokeh Document with the panel attached

Parameters:

• doc (bokeh.Document (optional)) – The bokeh Document to attach the panel to as a root, defaults to bokeh.io.curdoc()

• title (str) – A string title to give the Document

• location (boolean or panel.io.location.Location) – Whether to create a Location component to observe and set the URL location.

Returns:

doc – The bokeh document the panel was attached to

Return type:

bokeh.Document

show(title: Optional[str] = None, port: int = 0, address: Optional[str] = None, websocket_origin: Optional[str] = None, threaded: bool = False, verbose: bool = True, open: bool = True, location: bool | 'Location' = True, **kwargs) → threading.Thread | 'Server'

Starts a Bokeh server and displays the Viewable in a new tab.

Parameters:

• title (str | None) – A string title to give the Document (if served as an app)

• port (int (optional, default=0)) – Allows specifying a specific port

• address (str) – The address the server should listen on for HTTP requests.

• websocket_origin (str or list(str) (optional)) – A list of hosts that can connect to the websocket. This is typically required when embedding a server app in an external web site. If None, “localhost” is used.

• threaded (boolean (optional, default=False)) – Whether to launch the Server on a separate thread, allowing interactive use.

• verbose (boolean (optional, default=True)) – Whether to print the address and port

• open (boolean (optional, default=True)) – Whether to open the server in a new browser tab

• location (boolean or panel.io.location.Location) – Whether to create a Location component to observe and set the URL location.

Returns:

server – Returns the Bokeh server instance or the thread the server was launched on (if threaded=True)

Return type:

bokeh.server.Server or threading.Thread

class panel.layout.ListLike(*, fig, holomap, widgets, fps, max_frames, size, dpi, filename, info, css, widget_location)

Bases: Parameterized

objects = param.List(bounds=(0, None), default=[], label=’Objects’)

The list of child objects that make up the layout.

append(obj: Any) → None

Appends an object to the layout.

Parameters:

(object) (obj) –

clear() → None

Clears the objects on this layout.

clone(*objects: Any, **params: Any) → ListLike

Makes a copy of the layout sharing the same parameters.

Parameters:

• objects (Objects to add to the cloned layout.) –

• params (Keyword arguments override the parameters on the clone.) –

Return type:

Cloned layout object

extend(objects: Iterable[Any]) → None

Extends the objects on this layout with a list.

Parameters:

(list) (objects) –

insert(index: int, obj: Any) → None

Inserts an object in the layout at the specified index.

Parameters:

• (int) (index) –

• (object) (object) –

pop(index: int) → Viewable

Pops an item from the layout by index.

Parameters:

(int) (index) –

remove(obj: Viewable) → None

Removes an object from the layout.

Parameters:

(object) (obj) –

reverse() → None

Reverses the objects in the layout.

class panel.layout.ListPanel(*objects: Any, **params: Any)

Bases: ListLike, Panel

An abstract baseclass for Panel objects with list-like children.

Parameters inherited from:

panel.viewable.Layoutable: align, aspect_ratio, background, css_classes, design, height, min_width, min_height, max_width, max_height, margin, styles, stylesheets, tags, width, width_policy, height_policy, sizing_mode, visible

panel.viewable.Viewable: loading

panel.layout.base.ListLike: objects

scroll = param.Boolean(bounds=(0, 1), default=False, label=’Scroll’)

Whether to add scrollbars if the content overflows the size of the container.

app(notebook_url: str = 'localhost:8888', port: int = 0) → Server

Displays a bokeh server app inline in the notebook.

Parameters:

• notebook_url (str) – URL to the notebook server

• port (int (optional, default=0)) – Allows specifying a specific port

append(obj: Any) → None

Appends an object to the layout.

Parameters:

(object) (obj) –

clear() → None

Clears the objects on this layout.

clone(*objects: Any, **params: Any) → ListLike

Makes a copy of the layout sharing the same parameters.

Parameters:

• objects (Objects to add to the cloned layout.) –

• params (Keyword arguments override the parameters on the clone.) –

Return type:

Cloned layout object

controls(parameters: List[str] = [], jslink: bool = True, **kwargs) → Panel

Creates a set of widgets which allow manipulating the parameters on this instance. By default all parameters which support linking are exposed, but an explicit list of parameters can be provided.

Parameters:

• parameters (list(str)) – An explicit list of parameters to return controls for.

• jslink (bool) – Whether to use jslinks instead of Python based links. This does not allow using all types of parameters.

• kwargs (dict) – Additional kwargs to pass to the Param pane(s) used to generate the controls widgets.

Return type:

A layout of the controls

embed(max_states: int = 1000, max_opts: int = 3, json: bool = False, json_prefix: str = '', save_path: str = './', load_path: Optional[str] = None, progress: bool = False, states={}) → None

Renders a static version of a panel in a notebook by evaluating the set of states defined by the widgets in the model. Note this will only work well for simple apps with a relatively small state space.

Parameters:

• max_states (int) – The maximum number of states to embed

• max_opts (int) – The maximum number of states for a single widget

• json (boolean (default=True)) – Whether to export the data to json files

• json_prefix (str (default='')) – Prefix for JSON filename

• save_path (str (default='./')) – The path to save json files to

• load_path (str (default=None)) – The path or URL the json files will be loaded from.

• progress (boolean (default=False)) – Whether to report progress

• states (dict (default={})) – A dictionary specifying the widget values to embed for each widget

extend(objects: Iterable[Any]) → None

Extends the objects on this layout with a list.

Parameters:

(list) (objects) –

get_root(doc: Optional[Document] = None, comm: Optional[Comm] = None, preprocess: bool = True) → Model

Returns the root model and applies pre-processing hooks

Parameters:

• doc (bokeh.Document) – Bokeh document the bokeh model will be attached to.

• comm (pyviz_comms.Comm) – Optional pyviz_comms when working in notebook

• preprocess (boolean (default=True)) – Whether to run preprocessing hooks

Return type:

Returns the bokeh model corresponding to this panel object

insert(index: int, obj: Any) → None

Inserts an object in the layout at the specified index.

Parameters:

• (int) (index) –

• (object) (object) –

jscallback(args: Dict[str, Any] = {}, **callbacks: str) → Callback

Allows defining a JS callback to be triggered when a property changes on the source object. The keyword arguments define the properties that trigger a callback and the JS code that gets executed.

Parameters:

• args (dict) – A mapping of objects to make available to the JS callback

• **callbacks (dict) – A mapping between properties on the source model and the code to execute when that property changes

Returns:

callback – The Callback which can be used to disable the callback.

Return type:

Callback

jslink(target: JSLinkTarget, code: Dict[str, str] = None, args: Optional[Dict] = None, bidirectional: bool = False, **links: str) → Link

Links properties on the this Reactive object to those on the target Reactive object in JS code.

Supports two modes, either specify a mapping between the source and target model properties as keywords or provide a dictionary of JS code snippets which maps from the source parameter to a JS code snippet which is executed when the property changes.

Parameters:

• target (panel.viewable.Viewable | bokeh.model.Model | holoviews.core.dimension.Dimensioned) – The target to link the value to.

• code (dict) – Custom code which will be executed when the widget value changes.

• args (dict) – A mapping of objects to make available to the JS callback

• bidirectional (boolean) – Whether to link source and target bi-directionally

• **links (dict) – A mapping between properties on the source model and the target model property to link it to.

Returns:

link – The GenericLink which can be used unlink the widget and the target model.

Return type:

GenericLink

link(target: param.Parameterized, callbacks: Optional[Dict[str, str | Callable]] = None, bidirectional: bool = False, **links: str) → Watcher

Links the parameters on this Reactive object to attributes on the target Parameterized object.

Supports two modes, either specify a mapping between the source and target object parameters as keywords or provide a dictionary of callbacks which maps from the source parameter to a callback which is triggered when the parameter changes.

Parameters:

• target (param.Parameterized) – The target object of the link.

• callbacks (dict | None) – Maps from a parameter in the source object to a callback.

• bidirectional (bool) – Whether to link source and target bi-directionally

• **links (dict) – Maps between parameters on this object to the parameters on the supplied object.

pop(index: int) → Viewable

Pops an item from the layout by index.

Parameters:

(int) (index) –

pprint() → None

Prints a compositional repr of the class.

remove(obj: Viewable) → None

Removes an object from the layout.

Parameters:

(object) (obj) –

reverse() → None

Reverses the objects in the layout.

save(filename: str | os.PathLike | IO, title: Optional[str] = None, resources: Resources | None = None, template: str | Template | None = None, template_variables: Dict[str, Any] = {}, embed: bool = False, max_states: int = 1000, max_opts: int = 3, embed_json: bool = False, json_prefix: str = '', save_path: str = './', load_path: Optional[str] = None, progress: bool = True, embed_states: Dict[Any, Any] = {}, as_png: bool | None = None, **kwargs) → None

Saves Panel objects to file.

Parameters:

• filename (str or file-like object) – Filename to save the plot to

• title (string) – Optional title for the plot

• resources (bokeh resources) – One of the valid bokeh.resources (e.g. CDN or INLINE)

• template – passed to underlying io.save

• template_variables – passed to underlying io.save

• embed (bool) – Whether the state space should be embedded in the saved file.

• max_states (int) – The maximum number of states to embed

• max_opts (int) – The maximum number of states for a single widget

• embed_json (boolean (default=True)) – Whether to export the data to json files

• json_prefix (str (default='')) – Prefix for the auto-generated json directory

• save_path (str (default='./')) – The path to save json files to

• load_path (str (default=None)) – The path or URL the json files will be loaded from.

• progress (boolean (default=True)) – Whether to report progress

• embed_states (dict (default={})) – A dictionary specifying the widget values to embed for each widget

• as_png (boolean (default=None)) – To save as a .png. If None save_png will be true if filename is string and ends with png.

select(selector=None)

Iterates over the Viewable and any potential children in the applying the Selector.

Parameters:

selector (type or callable or None) – The selector allows selecting a subset of Viewables by declaring a type or callable function to filter by.

Returns:

viewables

Return type:

list(Viewable)

servable(title: Optional[str] = None, location: bool | 'Location' = True, area: str = 'main', target: Optional[str] = None) → ServableMixin

Serves the object or adds it to the configured pn.state.template if in a panel serve context, writes to the DOM if in a pyodide context and returns the Panel object to allow it to display itself in a notebook context.

Parameters:

• title (str) – A string title to give the Document (if served as an app)

• location (boolean or panel.io.location.Location) – Whether to create a Location component to observe and set the URL location.

• area (str (deprecated)) – The area of a template to add the component too. Only has an effect if pn.config.template has been set.

• target (str) – Target area to write to. If a template has been configured on pn.config.template this refers to the target area in the template while in pyodide this refers to the ID of the DOM node to write to.

Return type:

The Panel object itself

server_doc(doc: Optional[Document] = None, title: Optional[str] = None, location: bool | 'Location' = True) → Document

Returns a serveable bokeh Document with the panel attached

Parameters:

• doc (bokeh.Document (optional)) – The bokeh Document to attach the panel to as a root, defaults to bokeh.io.curdoc()

• title (str) – A string title to give the Document

• location (boolean or panel.io.location.Location) – Whether to create a Location component to observe and set the URL location.

Returns:

doc – The bokeh document the panel was attached to

Return type:

bokeh.Document

show(title: Optional[str] = None, port: int = 0, address: Optional[str] = None, websocket_origin: Optional[str] = None, threaded: bool = False, verbose: bool = True, open: bool = True, location: bool | 'Location' = True, **kwargs) → threading.Thread | 'Server'

Starts a Bokeh server and displays the Viewable in a new tab.

Parameters:

• title (str | None) – A string title to give the Document (if served as an app)

• port (int (optional, default=0)) – Allows specifying a specific port

• address (str) – The address the server should listen on for HTTP requests.

• websocket_origin (str or list(str) (optional)) – A list of hosts that can connect to the websocket. This is typically required when embedding a server app in an external web site. If None, “localhost” is used.

• threaded (boolean (optional, default=False)) – Whether to launch the Server on a separate thread, allowing interactive use.

• verbose (boolean (optional, default=True)) – Whether to print the address and port

• open (boolean (optional, default=True)) – Whether to open the server in a new browser tab

• location (boolean or panel.io.location.Location) – Whether to create a Location component to observe and set the URL location.

Returns:

server – Returns the Bokeh server instance or the thread the server was launched on (if threaded=True)

Return type:

bokeh.server.Server or threading.Thread

class panel.layout.Panel(refs=None, **params)

Bases: Reactive

Abstract baseclass for a layout of Viewables.

Parameters inherited from:

panel.viewable.Layoutable: align, aspect_ratio, background, css_classes, design, height, min_width, min_height, max_width, max_height, margin, styles, stylesheets, tags, width, width_policy, height_policy, sizing_mode, visible

panel.viewable.Viewable: loading

app(notebook_url: str = 'localhost:8888', port: int = 0) → Server

Displays a bokeh server app inline in the notebook.

Parameters:

• notebook_url (str) – URL to the notebook server

• port (int (optional, default=0)) – Allows specifying a specific port

clone(**params) → Viewable

Makes a copy of the object sharing the same parameters.

Parameters:

params (Keyword arguments override the parameters on the clone.) –

Return type:

Cloned Viewable object

controls(parameters: List[str] = [], jslink: bool = True, **kwargs) → Panel

Creates a set of widgets which allow manipulating the parameters on this instance. By default all parameters which support linking are exposed, but an explicit list of parameters can be provided.

Parameters:

• parameters (list(str)) – An explicit list of parameters to return controls for.

• jslink (bool) – Whether to use jslinks instead of Python based links. This does not allow using all types of parameters.

• kwargs (dict) – Additional kwargs to pass to the Param pane(s) used to generate the controls widgets.

Return type:

A layout of the controls

embed(max_states: int = 1000, max_opts: int = 3, json: bool = False, json_prefix: str = '', save_path: str = './', load_path: Optional[str] = None, progress: bool = False, states={}) → None

Renders a static version of a panel in a notebook by evaluating the set of states defined by the widgets in the model. Note this will only work well for simple apps with a relatively small state space.

Parameters:

• max_states (int) – The maximum number of states to embed

• max_opts (int) – The maximum number of states for a single widget

• json (boolean (default=True)) – Whether to export the data to json files

• json_prefix (str (default='')) – Prefix for JSON filename

• save_path (str (default='./')) – The path to save json files to

• load_path (str (default=None)) – The path or URL the json files will be loaded from.

• progress (boolean (default=False)) – Whether to report progress

• states (dict (default={})) – A dictionary specifying the widget values to embed for each widget

get_root(doc: Optional[Document] = None, comm: Optional[Comm] = None, preprocess: bool = True) → Model

Returns the root model and applies pre-processing hooks

Parameters:

• doc (bokeh.Document) – Bokeh document the bokeh model will be attached to.

• comm (pyviz_comms.Comm) – Optional pyviz_comms when working in notebook

• preprocess (boolean (default=True)) – Whether to run preprocessing hooks

Return type:

Returns the bokeh model corresponding to this panel object

jscallback(args: Dict[str, Any] = {}, **callbacks: str) → Callback

Allows defining a JS callback to be triggered when a property changes on the source object. The keyword arguments define the properties that trigger a callback and the JS code that gets executed.

Parameters:

• args (dict) – A mapping of objects to make available to the JS callback

• **callbacks (dict) – A mapping between properties on the source model and the code to execute when that property changes

Returns:

callback – The Callback which can be used to disable the callback.

Return type:

Callback

jslink(target: JSLinkTarget, code: Dict[str, str] = None, args: Optional[Dict] = None, bidirectional: bool = False, **links: str) → Link

Links properties on the this Reactive object to those on the target Reactive object in JS code.

Supports two modes, either specify a mapping between the source and target model properties as keywords or provide a dictionary of JS code snippets which maps from the source parameter to a JS code snippet which is executed when the property changes.

Parameters:

• target (panel.viewable.Viewable | bokeh.model.Model | holoviews.core.dimension.Dimensioned) – The target to link the value to.

• code (dict) – Custom code which will be executed when the widget value changes.

• args (dict) – A mapping of objects to make available to the JS callback

• bidirectional (boolean) – Whether to link source and target bi-directionally

• **links (dict) – A mapping between properties on the source model and the target model property to link it to.

Returns:

link – The GenericLink which can be used unlink the widget and the target model.

Return type:

GenericLink

link(target: param.Parameterized, callbacks: Optional[Dict[str, str | Callable]] = None, bidirectional: bool = False, **links: str) → Watcher

Links the parameters on this Reactive object to attributes on the target Parameterized object.

Supports two modes, either specify a mapping between the source and target object parameters as keywords or provide a dictionary of callbacks which maps from the source parameter to a callback which is triggered when the parameter changes.

Parameters:

• target (param.Parameterized) – The target object of the link.

• callbacks (dict | None) – Maps from a parameter in the source object to a callback.

• bidirectional (bool) – Whether to link source and target bi-directionally

• **links (dict) – Maps between parameters on this object to the parameters on the supplied object.

pprint() → None

Prints a compositional repr of the class.

save(filename: str | os.PathLike | IO, title: Optional[str] = None, resources: Resources | None = None, template: str | Template | None = None, template_variables: Dict[str, Any] = {}, embed: bool = False, max_states: int = 1000, max_opts: int = 3, embed_json: bool = False, json_prefix: str = '', save_path: str = './', load_path: Optional[str] = None, progress: bool = True, embed_states: Dict[Any, Any] = {}, as_png: bool | None = None, **kwargs) → None

Saves Panel objects to file.

Parameters:

• filename (str or file-like object) – Filename to save the plot to

• title (string) – Optional title for the plot

• resources (bokeh resources) – One of the valid bokeh.resources (e.g. CDN or INLINE)

• template – passed to underlying io.save

• template_variables – passed to underlying io.save

• embed (bool) – Whether the state space should be embedded in the saved file.

• max_states (int) – The maximum number of states to embed

• max_opts (int) – The maximum number of states for a single widget

• embed_json (boolean (default=True)) – Whether to export the data to json files

• json_prefix (str (default='')) – Prefix for the auto-generated json directory

• save_path (str (default='./')) – The path to save json files to

• load_path (str (default=None)) – The path or URL the json files will be loaded from.

• progress (boolean (default=True)) – Whether to report progress

• embed_states (dict (default={})) – A dictionary specifying the widget values to embed for each widget

• as_png (boolean (default=None)) – To save as a .png. If None save_png will be true if filename is string and ends with png.

select(selector=None)

Iterates over the Viewable and any potential children in the applying the Selector.

Parameters:

selector (type or callable or None) – The selector allows selecting a subset of Viewables by declaring a type or callable function to filter by.

Returns:

viewables

Return type:

list(Viewable)

servable(title: Optional[str] = None, location: bool | 'Location' = True, area: str = 'main', target: Optional[str] = None) → ServableMixin

Serves the object or adds it to the configured pn.state.template if in a panel serve context, writes to the DOM if in a pyodide context and returns the Panel object to allow it to display itself in a notebook context.

Parameters:

• title (str) – A string title to give the Document (if served as an app)

• location (boolean or panel.io.location.Location) – Whether to create a Location component to observe and set the URL location.

• area (str (deprecated)) – The area of a template to add the component too. Only has an effect if pn.config.template has been set.

• target (str) – Target area to write to. If a template has been configured on pn.config.template this refers to the target area in the template while in pyodide this refers to the ID of the DOM node to write to.

Return type:

The Panel object itself

server_doc(doc: Optional[Document] = None, title: Optional[str] = None, location: bool | 'Location' = True) → Document

Returns a serveable bokeh Document with the panel attached

Parameters:

• doc (bokeh.Document (optional)) – The bokeh Document to attach the panel to as a root, defaults to bokeh.io.curdoc()

• title (str) – A string title to give the Document

• location (boolean or panel.io.location.Location) – Whether to create a Location component to observe and set the URL location.

Returns:

doc – The bokeh document the panel was attached to

Return type:

bokeh.Document

show(title: Optional[str] = None, port: int = 0, address: Optional[str] = None, websocket_origin: Optional[str] = None, threaded: bool = False, verbose: bool = True, open: bool = True, location: bool | 'Location' = True, **kwargs) → threading.Thread | 'Server'

Starts a Bokeh server and displays the Viewable in a new tab.

Parameters:

• title (str | None) – A string title to give the Document (if served as an app)

• port (int (optional, default=0)) – Allows specifying a specific port

• address (str) – The address the server should listen on for HTTP requests.

• websocket_origin (str or list(str) (optional)) – A list of hosts that can connect to the websocket. This is typically required when embedding a server app in an external web site. If None, “localhost” is used.

• threaded (boolean (optional, default=False)) – Whether to launch the Server on a separate thread, allowing interactive use.

• verbose (boolean (optional, default=True)) – Whether to print the address and port

• open (boolean (optional, default=True)) – Whether to open the server in a new browser tab

• location (boolean or panel.io.location.Location) – Whether to create a Location component to observe and set the URL location.

Returns:

server – Returns the Bokeh server instance or the thread the server was launched on (if threaded=True)

Return type:

bokeh.server.Server or threading.Thread

class panel.layout.Row(*objects: Any, **params: Any)

Bases: ListPanel

The Row layout allows arranging multiple panel objects in a horizontal container.

It has a list-like API with methods to append, extend, clear, insert, pop, remove and __setitem__, which makes it possible to interactively update and modify the layout.

Reference: https://panel.holoviz.org/reference/layouts/Row.html

Example:

>>> pn.Row(some_widget, some_pane, some_python_object)

Parameters inherited from:

panel.viewable.Layoutable: align, aspect_ratio, background, css_classes, design, height, min_width, min_height, max_width, max_height, margin, styles, stylesheets, tags, width, width_policy, height_policy, sizing_mode, visible

panel.viewable.Viewable: loading

panel.layout.base.ListLike: objects

panel.layout.base.ListPanel: scroll

app(notebook_url: str = 'localhost:8888', port: int = 0) → Server

Displays a bokeh server app inline in the notebook.

Parameters:

• notebook_url (str) – URL to the notebook server

• port (int (optional, default=0)) – Allows specifying a specific port

append(obj: Any) → None

Appends an object to the layout.

Parameters:

(object) (obj) –

clear() → None

Clears the objects on this layout.

clone(*objects: Any, **params: Any) → ListLike

Makes a copy of the layout sharing the same parameters.

Parameters:

• objects (Objects to add to the cloned layout.) –

• params (Keyword arguments override the parameters on the clone.) –

Return type:

Cloned layout object

controls(parameters: List[str] = [], jslink: bool = True, **kwargs) → Panel

Creates a set of widgets which allow manipulating the parameters on this instance. By default all parameters which support linking are exposed, but an explicit list of parameters can be provided.

Parameters:

• parameters (list(str)) – An explicit list of parameters to return controls for.

• jslink (bool) – Whether to use jslinks instead of Python based links. This does not allow using all types of parameters.

• kwargs (dict) – Additional kwargs to pass to the Param pane(s) used to generate the controls widgets.

Return type:

A layout of the controls

embed(max_states: int = 1000, max_opts: int = 3, json: bool = False, json_prefix: str = '', save_path: str = './', load_path: Optional[str] = None, progress: bool = False, states={}) → None

Renders a static version of a panel in a notebook by evaluating the set of states defined by the widgets in the model. Note this will only work well for simple apps with a relatively small state space.

Parameters:

• max_states (int) – The maximum number of states to embed

• max_opts (int) – The maximum number of states for a single widget

• json (boolean (default=True)) – Whether to export the data to json files

• json_prefix (str (default='')) – Prefix for JSON filename

• save_path (str (default='./')) – The path to save json files to

• load_path (str (default=None)) – The path or URL the json files will be loaded from.

• progress (boolean (default=False)) – Whether to report progress

• states (dict (default={})) – A dictionary specifying the widget values to embed for each widget

extend(objects: Iterable[Any]) → None

Extends the objects on this layout with a list.

Parameters:

(list) (objects) –

get_root(doc: Optional[Document] = None, comm: Optional[Comm] = None, preprocess: bool = True) → Model

Returns the root model and applies pre-processing hooks

Parameters:

• doc (bokeh.Document) – Bokeh document the bokeh model will be attached to.

• comm (pyviz_comms.Comm) – Optional pyviz_comms when working in notebook

• preprocess (boolean (default=True)) – Whether to run preprocessing hooks

Return type:

Returns the bokeh model corresponding to this panel object

insert(index: int, obj: Any) → None

Inserts an object in the layout at the specified index.

Parameters:

• (int) (index) –

• (object) (object) –

jscallback(args: Dict[str, Any] = {}, **callbacks: str) → Callback

Allows defining a JS callback to be triggered when a property changes on the source object. The keyword arguments define the properties that trigger a callback and the JS code that gets executed.

Parameters:

• args (dict) – A mapping of objects to make available to the JS callback

• **callbacks (dict) – A mapping between properties on the source model and the code to execute when that property changes

Returns:

callback – The Callback which can be used to disable the callback.

Return type:

Callback

jslink(target: JSLinkTarget, code: Dict[str, str] = None, args: Optional[Dict] = None, bidirectional: bool = False, **links: str) → Link

Links properties on the this Reactive object to those on the target Reactive object in JS code.

Supports two modes, either specify a mapping between the source and target model properties as keywords or provide a dictionary of JS code snippets which maps from the source parameter to a JS code snippet which is executed when the property changes.

Parameters:

• target (panel.viewable.Viewable | bokeh.model.Model | holoviews.core.dimension.Dimensioned) – The target to link the value to.

• code (dict) – Custom code which will be executed when the widget value changes.

• args (dict) – A mapping of objects to make available to the JS callback

• bidirectional (boolean) – Whether to link source and target bi-directionally

• **links (dict) – A mapping between properties on the source model and the target model property to link it to.

Returns:

link – The GenericLink which can be used unlink the widget and the target model.

Return type:

GenericLink

link(target: param.Parameterized, callbacks: Optional[Dict[str, str | Callable]] = None, bidirectional: bool = False, **links: str) → Watcher

Links the parameters on this Reactive object to attributes on the target Parameterized object.

Supports two modes, either specify a mapping between the source and target object parameters as keywords or provide a dictionary of callbacks which maps from the source parameter to a callback which is triggered when the parameter changes.

Parameters:

• target (param.Parameterized) – The target object of the link.

• callbacks (dict | None) – Maps from a parameter in the source object to a callback.

• bidirectional (bool) – Whether to link source and target bi-directionally

• **links (dict) – Maps between parameters on this object to the parameters on the supplied object.

pop(index: int) → Viewable

Pops an item from the layout by index.

Parameters:

(int) (index) –

pprint() → None

Prints a compositional repr of the class.

remove(obj: Viewable) → None

Removes an object from the layout.

Parameters:

(object) (obj) –

reverse() → None

Reverses the objects in the layout.

save(filename: str | os.PathLike | IO, title: Optional[str] = None, resources: Resources | None = None, template: str | Template | None = None, template_variables: Dict[str, Any] = {}, embed: bool = False, max_states: int = 1000, max_opts: int = 3, embed_json: bool = False, json_prefix: str = '', save_path: str = './', load_path: Optional[str] = None, progress: bool = True, embed_states: Dict[Any, Any] = {}, as_png: bool | None = None, **kwargs) → None

Saves Panel objects to file.

Parameters:

• filename (str or file-like object) – Filename to save the plot to

• title (string) – Optional title for the plot

• resources (bokeh resources) – One of the valid bokeh.resources (e.g. CDN or INLINE)

• template – passed to underlying io.save

• template_variables – passed to underlying io.save

• embed (bool) – Whether the state space should be embedded in the saved file.

• max_states (int) – The maximum number of states to embed

• max_opts (int) – The maximum number of states for a single widget

• embed_json (boolean (default=True)) – Whether to export the data to json files

• json_prefix (str (default='')) – Prefix for the auto-generated json directory

• save_path (str (default='./')) – The path to save json files to

• load_path (str (default=None)) – The path or URL the json files will be loaded from.

• progress (boolean (default=True)) – Whether to report progress

• embed_states (dict (default={})) – A dictionary specifying the widget values to embed for each widget

• as_png (boolean (default=None)) – To save as a .png. If None save_png will be true if filename is string and ends with png.

select(selector=None)

Iterates over the Viewable and any potential children in the applying the Selector.

Parameters:

selector (type or callable or None) – The selector allows selecting a subset of Viewables by declaring a type or callable function to filter by.

Returns:

viewables

Return type:

list(Viewable)

servable(title: Optional[str] = None, location: bool | 'Location' = True, area: str = 'main', target: Optional[str] = None) → ServableMixin

Serves the object or adds it to the configured pn.state.template if in a panel serve context, writes to the DOM if in a pyodide context and returns the Panel object to allow it to display itself in a notebook context.

Parameters:

• title (str) – A string title to give the Document (if served as an app)

• location (boolean or panel.io.location.Location) – Whether to create a Location component to observe and set the URL location.

• area (str (deprecated)) – The area of a template to add the component too. Only has an effect if pn.config.template has been set.

• target (str) – Target area to write to. If a template has been configured on pn.config.template this refers to the target area in the template while in pyodide this refers to the ID of the DOM node to write to.

Return type:

The Panel object itself

server_doc(doc: Optional[Document] = None, title: Optional[str] = None, location: bool | 'Location' = True) → Document

Returns a serveable bokeh Document with the panel attached

Parameters:

• doc (bokeh.Document (optional)) – The bokeh Document to attach the panel to as a root, defaults to bokeh.io.curdoc()

• title (str) – A string title to give the Document

• location (boolean or panel.io.location.Location) – Whether to create a Location component to observe and set the URL location.

Returns:

doc – The bokeh document the panel was attached to

Return type:

bokeh.Document

show(title: Optional[str] = None, port: int = 0, address: Optional[str] = None, websocket_origin: Optional[str] = None, threaded: bool = False, verbose: bool = True, open: bool = True, location: bool | 'Location' = True, **kwargs) → threading.Thread | 'Server'

Starts a Bokeh server and displays the Viewable in a new tab.

Parameters:

• title (str | None) – A string title to give the Document (if served as an app)

• port (int (optional, default=0)) – Allows specifying a specific port

• address (str) – The address the server should listen on for HTTP requests.

• websocket_origin (str or list(str) (optional)) – A list of hosts that can connect to the websocket. This is typically required when embedding a server app in an external web site. If None, “localhost” is used.

• threaded (boolean (optional, default=False)) – Whether to launch the Server on a separate thread, allowing interactive use.

• verbose (boolean (optional, default=True)) – Whether to print the address and port

• open (boolean (optional, default=True)) – Whether to open the server in a new browser tab

• location (boolean or panel.io.location.Location) – Whether to create a Location component to observe and set the URL location.

Returns:

server – Returns the Bokeh server instance or the thread the server was launched on (if threaded=True)

Return type:

bokeh.server.Server or threading.Thread

class panel.layout.Spacer(refs=None, **params)

Bases: Reactive

The Spacer layout is a very versatile component which makes it easy to put fixed or responsive spacing between objects.

Like all other components spacers support both absolute and responsive sizing modes.

How-to: https://panel.holoviz.org/how_to/layout/spacing.html#spacer-components

Example:

>>> pn.Row(
...    1, pn.Spacer(width=200),
...    2, pn.Spacer(width=100),
...    3
... )

Parameters inherited from:

panel.viewable.Layoutable: align, aspect_ratio, background, css_classes, design, height, min_width, min_height, max_width, max_height, margin, styles, stylesheets, tags, width, width_policy, height_policy, sizing_mode, visible

panel.viewable.Viewable: loading

app(notebook_url: str = 'localhost:8888', port: int = 0) → Server

Displays a bokeh server app inline in the notebook.

Parameters:

• notebook_url (str) – URL to the notebook server

• port (int (optional, default=0)) – Allows specifying a specific port

clone(**params) → Viewable

Makes a copy of the object sharing the same parameters.

Parameters:

params (Keyword arguments override the parameters on the clone.) –

Return type:

Cloned Viewable object

controls(parameters: List[str] = [], jslink: bool = True, **kwargs) → Panel

Creates a set of widgets which allow manipulating the parameters on this instance. By default all parameters which support linking are exposed, but an explicit list of parameters can be provided.

Parameters:

• parameters (list(str)) – An explicit list of parameters to return controls for.

• jslink (bool) – Whether to use jslinks instead of Python based links. This does not allow using all types of parameters.

• kwargs (dict) – Additional kwargs to pass to the Param pane(s) used to generate the controls widgets.

Return type:

A layout of the controls

embed(max_states: int = 1000, max_opts: int = 3, json: bool = False, json_prefix: str = '', save_path: str = './', load_path: Optional[str] = None, progress: bool = False, states={}) → None

Renders a static version of a panel in a notebook by evaluating the set of states defined by the widgets in the model. Note this will only work well for simple apps with a relatively small state space.

Parameters:

• max_states (int) – The maximum number of states to embed

• max_opts (int) – The maximum number of states for a single widget

• json (boolean (default=True)) – Whether to export the data to json files

• json_prefix (str (default='')) – Prefix for JSON filename

• save_path (str (default='./')) – The path to save json files to

• load_path (str (default=None)) – The path or URL the json files will be loaded from.

• progress (boolean (default=False)) – Whether to report progress

• states (dict (default={})) – A dictionary specifying the widget values to embed for each widget

get_root(doc: Optional[Document] = None, comm: Optional[Comm] = None, preprocess: bool = True) → Model

Returns the root model and applies pre-processing hooks

Parameters:

• doc (bokeh.Document) – Bokeh document the bokeh model will be attached to.

• comm (pyviz_comms.Comm) – Optional pyviz_comms when working in notebook

• preprocess (boolean (default=True)) – Whether to run preprocessing hooks

Return type:

Returns the bokeh model corresponding to this panel object

jscallback(args: Dict[str, Any] = {}, **callbacks: str) → Callback

Allows defining a JS callback to be triggered when a property changes on the source object. The keyword arguments define the properties that trigger a callback and the JS code that gets executed.

Parameters:

• args (dict) – A mapping of objects to make available to the JS callback

• **callbacks (dict) – A mapping between properties on the source model and the code to execute when that property changes

Returns:

callback – The Callback which can be used to disable the callback.

Return type:

Callback

jslink(target: JSLinkTarget, code: Dict[str, str] = None, args: Optional[Dict] = None, bidirectional: bool = False, **links: str) → Link

Links properties on the this Reactive object to those on the target Reactive object in JS code.

Supports two modes, either specify a mapping between the source and target model properties as keywords or provide a dictionary of JS code snippets which maps from the source parameter to a JS code snippet which is executed when the property changes.

Parameters:

• target (panel.viewable.Viewable | bokeh.model.Model | holoviews.core.dimension.Dimensioned) – The target to link the value to.

• code (dict) – Custom code which will be executed when the widget value changes.

• args (dict) – A mapping of objects to make available to the JS callback

• bidirectional (boolean) – Whether to link source and target bi-directionally

• **links (dict) – A mapping between properties on the source model and the target model property to link it to.

Returns:

link – The GenericLink which can be used unlink the widget and the target model.

Return type:

GenericLink

link(target: param.Parameterized, callbacks: Optional[Dict[str, str | Callable]] = None, bidirectional: bool = False, **links: str) → Watcher

Links the parameters on this Reactive object to attributes on the target Parameterized object.

Supports two modes, either specify a mapping between the source and target object parameters as keywords or provide a dictionary of callbacks which maps from the source parameter to a callback which is triggered when the parameter changes.

Parameters:

• target (param.Parameterized) – The target object of the link.

• callbacks (dict | None) – Maps from a parameter in the source object to a callback.

• bidirectional (bool) – Whether to link source and target bi-directionally

• **links (dict) – Maps between parameters on this object to the parameters on the supplied object.

pprint() → None

Prints a compositional repr of the class.

save(filename: str | os.PathLike | IO, title: Optional[str] = None, resources: Resources | None = None, template: str | Template | None = None, template_variables: Dict[str, Any] = {}, embed: bool = False, max_states: int = 1000, max_opts: int = 3, embed_json: bool = False, json_prefix: str = '', save_path: str = './', load_path: Optional[str] = None, progress: bool = True, embed_states: Dict[Any, Any] = {}, as_png: bool | None = None, **kwargs) → None

Saves Panel objects to file.

Parameters:

• filename (str or file-like object) – Filename to save the plot to

• title (string) – Optional title for the plot

• resources (bokeh resources) – One of the valid bokeh.resources (e.g. CDN or INLINE)

• template – passed to underlying io.save

• template_variables – passed to underlying io.save

• embed (bool) – Whether the state space should be embedded in the saved file.

• max_states (int) – The maximum number of states to embed

• max_opts (int) – The maximum number of states for a single widget

• embed_json (boolean (default=True)) – Whether to export the data to json files

• json_prefix (str (default='')) – Prefix for the auto-generated json directory

• save_path (str (default='./')) – The path to save json files to

• load_path (str (default=None)) – The path or URL the json files will be loaded from.

• progress (boolean (default=True)) – Whether to report progress

• embed_states (dict (default={})) – A dictionary specifying the widget values to embed for each widget

• as_png (boolean (default=None)) – To save as a .png. If None save_png will be true if filename is string and ends with png.

select(selector: Optional[type | Callable[['Viewable'], bool]] = None) → List['Viewable']

Iterates over the Viewable and any potential children in the applying the Selector.

Parameters:

selector (type or callable or None) – The selector allows selecting a subset of Viewables by declaring a type or callable function to filter by.

Returns:

viewables

Return type:

list(Viewable)

servable(title: Optional[str] = None, location: bool | 'Location' = True, area: str = 'main', target: Optional[str] = None) → ServableMixin

Serves the object or adds it to the configured pn.state.template if in a panel serve context, writes to the DOM if in a pyodide context and returns the Panel object to allow it to display itself in a notebook context.

Parameters:

• title (str) – A string title to give the Document (if served as an app)

• location (boolean or panel.io.location.Location) – Whether to create a Location component to observe and set the URL location.

• area (str (deprecated)) – The area of a template to add the component too. Only has an effect if pn.config.template has been set.

• target (str) – Target area to write to. If a template has been configured on pn.config.template this refers to the target area in the template while in pyodide this refers to the ID of the DOM node to write to.

Return type:

The Panel object itself

server_doc(doc: Optional[Document] = None, title: Optional[str] = None, location: bool | 'Location' = True) → Document

Returns a serveable bokeh Document with the panel attached

Parameters:

• doc (bokeh.Document (optional)) – The bokeh Document to attach the panel to as a root, defaults to bokeh.io.curdoc()

• title (str) – A string title to give the Document

• location (boolean or panel.io.location.Location) – Whether to create a Location component to observe and set the URL location.

Returns:

doc – The bokeh document the panel was attached to

Return type:

bokeh.Document

show(title: Optional[str] = None, port: int = 0, address: Optional[str] = None, websocket_origin: Optional[str] = None, threaded: bool = False, verbose: bool = True, open: bool = True, location: bool | 'Location' = True, **kwargs) → threading.Thread | 'Server'

Starts a Bokeh server and displays the Viewable in a new tab.

Parameters:

• title (str | None) – A string title to give the Document (if served as an app)

• port (int (optional, default=0)) – Allows specifying a specific port

• address (str) – The address the server should listen on for HTTP requests.

• websocket_origin (str or list(str) (optional)) – A list of hosts that can connect to the websocket. This is typically required when embedding a server app in an external web site. If None, “localhost” is used.

• threaded (boolean (optional, default=False)) – Whether to launch the Server on a separate thread, allowing interactive use.

• verbose (boolean (optional, default=True)) – Whether to print the address and port

• open (boolean (optional, default=True)) – Whether to open the server in a new browser tab

• location (boolean or panel.io.location.Location) – Whether to create a Location component to observe and set the URL location.

Returns:

server – Returns the Bokeh server instance or the thread the server was launched on (if threaded=True)

Return type:

bokeh.server.Server or threading.Thread

class panel.layout.Tabs(*objects, **params)

Bases: NamedListPanel

The Tabs layout allows switching between multiple objects by clicking on the corresponding tab header.

Tab labels may be defined explicitly as part of a tuple or will be inferred from the name parameter of the tab’s contents.

Like Column and Row, Tabs has a list-like API with methods to append, extend, clear, insert, pop, remove and __setitem__, which make it possible to interactively update and modify the tabs.

Reference: https://panel.holoviz.org/reference/layouts/Tabs.html

Example:

>>> pn.Tabs(('Scatter', plot1), some_pane_with_a_name)

Parameters inherited from:

panel.viewable.Layoutable: align, aspect_ratio, background, css_classes, design, min_width, min_height, max_width, max_height, margin, styles, stylesheets, tags, width_policy, height_policy, sizing_mode, visible

panel.viewable.Viewable: loading

panel.layout.base.NamedListLike: objects

panel.layout.base.NamedListPanel: active, scroll

height = param.Integer(allow_None=True, bounds=(0, None), inclusive_bounds=(True, True), label=’Height’)

The height of the component (in pixels). This can be either fixed or preferred height, depending on height sizing policy.

width = param.Integer(allow_None=True, bounds=(0, None), inclusive_bounds=(True, True), label=’Width’)

The width of the component (in pixels). This can be either fixed or preferred width, depending on width sizing policy.

closable = param.Boolean(bounds=(0, 1), default=False, label=’Closable’)

Whether it should be possible to close tabs.

dynamic = param.Boolean(bounds=(0, 1), default=False, label=’Dynamic’)

Dynamically populate only the active tab.

tabs_location = param.ObjectSelector(default=’above’, label=’Tabs location’, objects=[‘above’, ‘below’, ‘left’, ‘right’])

The location of the tabs relative to the tab contents.

app(notebook_url: str = 'localhost:8888', port: int = 0) → Server

Displays a bokeh server app inline in the notebook.

Parameters:

• notebook_url (str) – URL to the notebook server

• port (int (optional, default=0)) – Allows specifying a specific port

append(pane: Any) → None

Appends an object to the tabs.

Parameters:

(object) (obj) –

clear() → None

Clears the tabs.

clone(*objects: Any, **params: Any) → NamedListLike

Makes a copy of the Tabs sharing the same parameters.

Parameters:

• objects (Objects to add to the cloned Tabs object.) –

• params (Keyword arguments override the parameters on the clone.) –

Return type:

Cloned Tabs object

controls(parameters: List[str] = [], jslink: bool = True, **kwargs) → Panel

Creates a set of widgets which allow manipulating the parameters on this instance. By default all parameters which support linking are exposed, but an explicit list of parameters can be provided.

Parameters:

• parameters (list(str)) – An explicit list of parameters to return controls for.

• jslink (bool) – Whether to use jslinks instead of Python based links. This does not allow using all types of parameters.

• kwargs (dict) – Additional kwargs to pass to the Param pane(s) used to generate the controls widgets.

Return type:

A layout of the controls

embed(max_states: int = 1000, max_opts: int = 3, json: bool = False, json_prefix: str = '', save_path: str = './', load_path: Optional[str] = None, progress: bool = False, states={}) → None

Renders a static version of a panel in a notebook by evaluating the set of states defined by the widgets in the model. Note this will only work well for simple apps with a relatively small state space.

Parameters:

• max_states (int) – The maximum number of states to embed

• max_opts (int) – The maximum number of states for a single widget

• json (boolean (default=True)) – Whether to export the data to json files

• json_prefix (str (default='')) – Prefix for JSON filename

• save_path (str (default='./')) – The path to save json files to

• load_path (str (default=None)) – The path or URL the json files will be loaded from.

• progress (boolean (default=False)) – Whether to report progress

• states (dict (default={})) – A dictionary specifying the widget values to embed for each widget

extend(panes: Iterable[Any]) → None

Extends the the tabs with a list.

Parameters:

(list) (objects) –

get_root(doc: Optional[Document] = None, comm: Optional[Comm] = None, preprocess: bool = True) → Model

Returns the root model and applies pre-processing hooks

Parameters:

• doc (bokeh.Document) – Bokeh document the bokeh model will be attached to.

• comm (pyviz_comms.Comm) – Optional pyviz_comms when working in notebook

• preprocess (boolean (default=True)) – Whether to run preprocessing hooks

Return type:

Returns the bokeh model corresponding to this panel object

insert(index: int, pane: Any) → None

Inserts an object in the tabs at the specified index.

Parameters:

• (int) (index) –

• (object) (object) –

jscallback(args: Dict[str, Any] = {}, **callbacks: str) → Callback

Allows defining a JS callback to be triggered when a property changes on the source object. The keyword arguments define the properties that trigger a callback and the JS code that gets executed.

Parameters:

• args (dict) – A mapping of objects to make available to the JS callback

• **callbacks (dict) – A mapping between properties on the source model and the code to execute when that property changes

Returns:

callback – The Callback which can be used to disable the callback.

Return type:

Callback

jslink(target: JSLinkTarget, code: Dict[str, str] = None, args: Optional[Dict] = None, bidirectional: bool = False, **links: str) → Link

Links properties on the this Reactive object to those on the target Reactive object in JS code.

Supports two modes, either specify a mapping between the source and target model properties as keywords or provide a dictionary of JS code snippets which maps from the source parameter to a JS code snippet which is executed when the property changes.

Parameters:

• target (panel.viewable.Viewable | bokeh.model.Model | holoviews.core.dimension.Dimensioned) – The target to link the value to.

• code (dict) – Custom code which will be executed when the widget value changes.

• args (dict) – A mapping of objects to make available to the JS callback

• bidirectional (boolean) – Whether to link source and target bi-directionally

• **links (dict) – A mapping between properties on the source model and the target model property to link it to.

Returns:

link – The GenericLink which can be used unlink the widget and the target model.

Return type:

GenericLink

link(target: param.Parameterized, callbacks: Optional[Dict[str, str | Callable]] = None, bidirectional: bool = False, **links: str) → Watcher

Links the parameters on this Reactive object to attributes on the target Parameterized object.

Supports two modes, either specify a mapping between the source and target object parameters as keywords or provide a dictionary of callbacks which maps from the source parameter to a callback which is triggered when the parameter changes.

Parameters:

• target (param.Parameterized) – The target object of the link.

• callbacks (dict | None) – Maps from a parameter in the source object to a callback.

• bidirectional (bool) – Whether to link source and target bi-directionally

• **links (dict) – Maps between parameters on this object to the parameters on the supplied object.

pop(index: int) → Viewable

Pops an item from the tabs by index.

Parameters:

(int) (index) –

pprint() → None

Prints a compositional repr of the class.

remove(pane: Viewable) → None

Removes an object from the tabs.

Parameters:

(object) (obj) –

reverse() → None

Reverses the tabs.

save(filename: str | os.PathLike | IO, title: Optional[str] = None, resources: Resources | None = None, template: str | Template | None = None, template_variables: Dict[str, Any] = {}, embed: bool = False, max_states: int = 1000, max_opts: int = 3, embed_json: bool = False, json_prefix: str = '', save_path: str = './', load_path: Optional[str] = None, progress: bool = True, embed_states: Dict[Any, Any] = {}, as_png: bool | None = None, **kwargs) → None

Saves Panel objects to file.

Parameters:

• filename (str or file-like object) – Filename to save the plot to

• title (string) – Optional title for the plot

• resources (bokeh resources) – One of the valid bokeh.resources (e.g. CDN or INLINE)

• template – passed to underlying io.save

• template_variables – passed to underlying io.save

• embed (bool) – Whether the state space should be embedded in the saved file.

• max_states (int) – The maximum number of states to embed

• max_opts (int) – The maximum number of states for a single widget

• embed_json (boolean (default=True)) – Whether to export the data to json files

• json_prefix (str (default='')) – Prefix for the auto-generated json directory

• save_path (str (default='./')) – The path to save json files to

• load_path (str (default=None)) – The path or URL the json files will be loaded from.

• progress (boolean (default=True)) – Whether to report progress

• embed_states (dict (default={})) – A dictionary specifying the widget values to embed for each widget

• as_png (boolean (default=None)) – To save as a .png. If None save_png will be true if filename is string and ends with png.

select(selector=None)

Iterates over the Viewable and any potential children in the applying the Selector.

Parameters:

selector (type or callable or None) – The selector allows selecting a subset of Viewables by declaring a type or callable function to filter by.

Returns:

viewables

Return type:

list(Viewable)

servable(title: Optional[str] = None, location: bool | 'Location' = True, area: str = 'main', target: Optional[str] = None) → ServableMixin

Serves the object or adds it to the configured pn.state.template if in a panel serve context, writes to the DOM if in a pyodide context and returns the Panel object to allow it to display itself in a notebook context.

Parameters:

• title (str) – A string title to give the Document (if served as an app)

• location (boolean or panel.io.location.Location) – Whether to create a Location component to observe and set the URL location.

• area (str (deprecated)) – The area of a template to add the component too. Only has an effect if pn.config.template has been set.

• target (str) – Target area to write to. If a template has been configured on pn.config.template this refers to the target area in the template while in pyodide this refers to the ID of the DOM node to write to.

Return type:

The Panel object itself

server_doc(doc: Optional[Document] = None, title: Optional[str] = None, location: bool | 'Location' = True) → Document

Returns a serveable bokeh Document with the panel attached

Parameters:

• doc (bokeh.Document (optional)) – The bokeh Document to attach the panel to as a root, defaults to bokeh.io.curdoc()

• title (str) – A string title to give the Document

• location (boolean or panel.io.location.Location) – Whether to create a Location component to observe and set the URL location.

Returns:

doc – The bokeh document the panel was attached to

Return type:

bokeh.Document

show(title: Optional[str] = None, port: int = 0, address: Optional[str] = None, websocket_origin: Optional[str] = None, threaded: bool = False, verbose: bool = True, open: bool = True, location: bool | 'Location' = True, **kwargs) → threading.Thread | 'Server'

Starts a Bokeh server and displays the Viewable in a new tab.

Parameters:

• title (str | None) – A string title to give the Document (if served as an app)

• port (int (optional, default=0)) – Allows specifying a specific port

• address (str) – The address the server should listen on for HTTP requests.

• websocket_origin (str or list(str) (optional)) – A list of hosts that can connect to the websocket. This is typically required when embedding a server app in an external web site. If None, “localhost” is used.

• threaded (boolean (optional, default=False)) – Whether to launch the Server on a separate thread, allowing interactive use.

• verbose (boolean (optional, default=True)) – Whether to print the address and port

• open (boolean (optional, default=True)) – Whether to open the server in a new browser tab

• location (boolean or panel.io.location.Location) – Whether to create a Location component to observe and set the URL location.

Returns:

server – Returns the Bokeh server instance or the thread the server was launched on (if threaded=True)

Return type:

bokeh.server.Server or threading.Thread

class panel.layout.VSpacer(refs=None, **params)

Bases: Spacer

The VSpacer layout provides responsive vertical spacing.

Using this component we can space objects equidistantly in a layout and allow the empty space to shrink when the browser is resized.

Reference: https://panel.holoviz.org/user_guide/Customization.html#spacers

Example:

>>> pn.Column(
...     pn.layout.VSpacer(), 'Item 1',
...     pn.layout.VSpacer(), 'Item 2',
...     pn.layout.VSpacer()
... )

Parameters inherited from:

panel.viewable.Layoutable: align, aspect_ratio, background, css_classes, design, height, min_width, min_height, max_width, max_height, margin, styles, stylesheets, tags, width, width_policy, height_policy, visible

panel.viewable.Viewable: loading

sizing_mode = param.Parameter(constant=True, default=’stretch_height’, label=’Sizing mode’, readonly=True)

How the component should size itself. This is a high-level setting for maintaining width and height of the component. To gain more fine grained control over sizing, use width_policy, height_policy and aspect_ratio instead (those take precedence over sizing_mode). "fixed" Component is not responsive. It will retain its original width and height regardless of any subsequent browser window resize events. "stretch_width" Component will responsively resize to stretch to the available width, without maintaining any aspect ratio. The height of the component depends on the type of the component and may be fixed or fit to component’s contents. "stretch_height" Component will responsively resize to stretch to the available height, without maintaining any aspect ratio. The width of the component depends on the type of the component and may be fixed or fit to component’s contents. "stretch_both" Component is completely responsive, independently in width and height, and will occupy all the available horizontal and vertical space, even if this changes the aspect ratio of the component. "scale_width" Component will responsively resize to stretch to the available width, while maintaining the original or provided aspect ratio. "scale_height" Component will responsively resize to stretch to the available height, while maintaining the original or provided aspect ratio. "scale_both" Component will responsively resize to both the available width and height, while maintaining the original or provided aspect ratio.

app(notebook_url: str = 'localhost:8888', port: int = 0) → Server

Displays a bokeh server app inline in the notebook.

Parameters:

• notebook_url (str) – URL to the notebook server

• port (int (optional, default=0)) – Allows specifying a specific port

clone(**params) → Viewable

Makes a copy of the object sharing the same parameters.

Parameters:

params (Keyword arguments override the parameters on the clone.) –

Return type:

Cloned Viewable object

controls(parameters: List[str] = [], jslink: bool = True, **kwargs) → Panel

Creates a set of widgets which allow manipulating the parameters on this instance. By default all parameters which support linking are exposed, but an explicit list of parameters can be provided.

Parameters:

• parameters (list(str)) – An explicit list of parameters to return controls for.

• jslink (bool) – Whether to use jslinks instead of Python based links. This does not allow using all types of parameters.

• kwargs (dict) – Additional kwargs to pass to the Param pane(s) used to generate the controls widgets.

Return type:

A layout of the controls

embed(max_states: int = 1000, max_opts: int = 3, json: bool = False, json_prefix: str = '', save_path: str = './', load_path: Optional[str] = None, progress: bool = False, states={}) → None

Renders a static version of a panel in a notebook by evaluating the set of states defined by the widgets in the model. Note this will only work well for simple apps with a relatively small state space.

Parameters:

• max_states (int) – The maximum number of states to embed

• max_opts (int) – The maximum number of states for a single widget

• json (boolean (default=True)) – Whether to export the data to json files

• json_prefix (str (default='')) – Prefix for JSON filename

• save_path (str (default='./')) – The path to save json files to

• load_path (str (default=None)) – The path or URL the json files will be loaded from.

• progress (boolean (default=False)) – Whether to report progress

• states (dict (default={})) – A dictionary specifying the widget values to embed for each widget

get_root(doc: Optional[Document] = None, comm: Optional[Comm] = None, preprocess: bool = True) → Model

Returns the root model and applies pre-processing hooks

Parameters:

• doc (bokeh.Document) – Bokeh document the bokeh model will be attached to.

• comm (pyviz_comms.Comm) – Optional pyviz_comms when working in notebook

• preprocess (boolean (default=True)) – Whether to run preprocessing hooks

Return type:

Returns the bokeh model corresponding to this panel object

jscallback(args: Dict[str, Any] = {}, **callbacks: str) → Callback

Allows defining a JS callback to be triggered when a property changes on the source object. The keyword arguments define the properties that trigger a callback and the JS code that gets executed.

Parameters:

• args (dict) – A mapping of objects to make available to the JS callback

• **callbacks (dict) – A mapping between properties on the source model and the code to execute when that property changes

Returns:

callback – The Callback which can be used to disable the callback.

Return type:

Callback

jslink(target: JSLinkTarget, code: Dict[str, str] = None, args: Optional[Dict] = None, bidirectional: bool = False, **links: str) → Link

Links properties on the this Reactive object to those on the target Reactive object in JS code.

Supports two modes, either specify a mapping between the source and target model properties as keywords or provide a dictionary of JS code snippets which maps from the source parameter to a JS code snippet which is executed when the property changes.

Parameters:

• target (panel.viewable.Viewable | bokeh.model.Model | holoviews.core.dimension.Dimensioned) – The target to link the value to.

• code (dict) – Custom code which will be executed when the widget value changes.

• args (dict) – A mapping of objects to make available to the JS callback

• bidirectional (boolean) – Whether to link source and target bi-directionally

• **links (dict) – A mapping between properties on the source model and the target model property to link it to.

Returns:

link – The GenericLink which can be used unlink the widget and the target model.

Return type:

GenericLink

link(target: param.Parameterized, callbacks: Optional[Dict[str, str | Callable]] = None, bidirectional: bool = False, **links: str) → Watcher

Links the parameters on this Reactive object to attributes on the target Parameterized object.

Supports two modes, either specify a mapping between the source and target object parameters as keywords or provide a dictionary of callbacks which maps from the source parameter to a callback which is triggered when the parameter changes.

Parameters:

• target (param.Parameterized) – The target object of the link.

• callbacks (dict | None) – Maps from a parameter in the source object to a callback.

• bidirectional (bool) – Whether to link source and target bi-directionally

• **links (dict) – Maps between parameters on this object to the parameters on the supplied object.

pprint() → None

Prints a compositional repr of the class.

save(filename: str | os.PathLike | IO, title: Optional[str] = None, resources: Resources | None = None, template: str | Template | None = None, template_variables: Dict[str, Any] = {}, embed: bool = False, max_states: int = 1000, max_opts: int = 3, embed_json: bool = False, json_prefix: str = '', save_path: str = './', load_path: Optional[str] = None, progress: bool = True, embed_states: Dict[Any, Any] = {}, as_png: bool | None = None, **kwargs) → None

Saves Panel objects to file.

Parameters:

• filename (str or file-like object) – Filename to save the plot to

• title (string) – Optional title for the plot

• resources (bokeh resources) – One of the valid bokeh.resources (e.g. CDN or INLINE)

• template – passed to underlying io.save

• template_variables – passed to underlying io.save

• embed (bool) – Whether the state space should be embedded in the saved file.

• max_states (int) – The maximum number of states to embed

• max_opts (int) – The maximum number of states for a single widget

• embed_json (boolean (default=True)) – Whether to export the data to json files

• json_prefix (str (default='')) – Prefix for the auto-generated json directory

• save_path (str (default='./')) – The path to save json files to

• load_path (str (default=None)) – The path or URL the json files will be loaded from.

• progress (boolean (default=True)) – Whether to report progress

• embed_states (dict (default={})) – A dictionary specifying the widget values to embed for each widget

• as_png (boolean (default=None)) – To save as a .png. If None save_png will be true if filename is string and ends with png.

select(selector: Optional[type | Callable[['Viewable'], bool]] = None) → List['Viewable']

Iterates over the Viewable and any potential children in the applying the Selector.

Parameters:

selector (type or callable or None) – The selector allows selecting a subset of Viewables by declaring a type or callable function to filter by.

Returns:

viewables

Return type:

list(Viewable)

servable(title: Optional[str] = None, location: bool | 'Location' = True, area: str = 'main', target: Optional[str] = None) → ServableMixin

Serves the object or adds it to the configured pn.state.template if in a panel serve context, writes to the DOM if in a pyodide context and returns the Panel object to allow it to display itself in a notebook context.

Parameters:

• title (str) – A string title to give the Document (if served as an app)

• location (boolean or panel.io.location.Location) – Whether to create a Location component to observe and set the URL location.

• area (str (deprecated)) – The area of a template to add the component too. Only has an effect if pn.config.template has been set.

• target (str) – Target area to write to. If a template has been configured on pn.config.template this refers to the target area in the template while in pyodide this refers to the ID of the DOM node to write to.

Return type:

The Panel object itself

server_doc(doc: Optional[Document] = None, title: Optional[str] = None, location: bool | 'Location' = True) → Document

Returns a serveable bokeh Document with the panel attached

Parameters:

• doc (bokeh.Document (optional)) – The bokeh Document to attach the panel to as a root, defaults to bokeh.io.curdoc()

• title (str) – A string title to give the Document

• location (boolean or panel.io.location.Location) – Whether to create a Location component to observe and set the URL location.

Returns:

doc – The bokeh document the panel was attached to

Return type:

bokeh.Document

show(title: Optional[str] = None, port: int = 0, address: Optional[str] = None, websocket_origin: Optional[str] = None, threaded: bool = False, verbose: bool = True, open: bool = True, location: bool | 'Location' = True, **kwargs) → threading.Thread | 'Server'

Starts a Bokeh server and displays the Viewable in a new tab.

Parameters:

• title (str | None) – A string title to give the Document (if served as an app)

• port (int (optional, default=0)) – Allows specifying a specific port

• address (str) – The address the server should listen on for HTTP requests.

• websocket_origin (str or list(str) (optional)) – A list of hosts that can connect to the websocket. This is typically required when embedding a server app in an external web site. If None, “localhost” is used.

• threaded (boolean (optional, default=False)) – Whether to launch the Server on a separate thread, allowing interactive use.

• verbose (boolean (optional, default=True)) – Whether to print the address and port

• open (boolean (optional, default=True)) – Whether to open the server in a new browser tab

• location (boolean or panel.io.location.Location) – Whether to create a Location component to observe and set the URL location.

Returns:

server – Returns the Bokeh server instance or the thread the server was launched on (if threaded=True)

Return type:

bokeh.server.Server or threading.Thread

class panel.layout.WidgetBox(*objects: Any, **params: Any)

Bases: ListPanel

The WidgetBox layout allows arranging multiple panel objects in a vertical (or horizontal) container.

It is largely identical to the Column layout, but has some default styling that makes widgets be clearly grouped together visually.

It has a list-like API with methods to append, extend, clear, insert, pop, remove and __setitem__, which make it possible to interactively update and modify the layout.

Reference: https://panel.holoviz.org/reference/layouts/WidgetBox.html

Example:

>>> pn.WidgetBox(some_widget, another_widget)

Parameters inherited from:

panel.viewable.Layoutable: align, aspect_ratio, background, design, height, min_width, min_height, max_width, max_height, margin, styles, stylesheets, tags, width, width_policy, height_policy, sizing_mode, visible

panel.viewable.Viewable: loading

panel.layout.base.ListLike: objects

panel.layout.base.ListPanel: scroll

css_classes = param.List(bounds=(0, None), default=[‘panel-widget-box’], label=’Css classes’)

CSS classes to apply to the layout.

disabled = param.Boolean(bounds=(0, 1), default=False, label=’Disabled’)

Whether the widget is disabled.

horizontal = param.Boolean(bounds=(0, 1), default=False, label=’Horizontal’)

Whether to lay out the widgets in a Row layout as opposed to a Column layout.

app(notebook_url: str = 'localhost:8888', port: int = 0) → Server

Displays a bokeh server app inline in the notebook.

Parameters:

• notebook_url (str) – URL to the notebook server

• port (int (optional, default=0)) – Allows specifying a specific port

append(obj: Any) → None

Appends an object to the layout.

Parameters:

(object) (obj) –

clear() → None

Clears the objects on this layout.

clone(*objects: Any, **params: Any) → ListLike

Makes a copy of the layout sharing the same parameters.

Parameters:

• objects (Objects to add to the cloned layout.) –

• params (Keyword arguments override the parameters on the clone.) –

Return type:

Cloned layout object

controls(parameters: List[str] = [], jslink: bool = True, **kwargs) → Panel

Creates a set of widgets which allow manipulating the parameters on this instance. By default all parameters which support linking are exposed, but an explicit list of parameters can be provided.

Parameters:

• parameters (list(str)) – An explicit list of parameters to return controls for.

• jslink (bool) – Whether to use jslinks instead of Python based links. This does not allow using all types of parameters.

• kwargs (dict) – Additional kwargs to pass to the Param pane(s) used to generate the controls widgets.

Return type:

A layout of the controls

embed(max_states: int = 1000, max_opts: int = 3, json: bool = False, json_prefix: str = '', save_path: str = './', load_path: Optional[str] = None, progress: bool = False, states={}) → None

Renders a static version of a panel in a notebook by evaluating the set of states defined by the widgets in the model. Note this will only work well for simple apps with a relatively small state space.

Parameters:

• max_states (int) – The maximum number of states to embed

• max_opts (int) – The maximum number of states for a single widget

• json (boolean (default=True)) – Whether to export the data to json files

• json_prefix (str (default='')) – Prefix for JSON filename

• save_path (str (default='./')) – The path to save json files to

• load_path (str (default=None)) – The path or URL the json files will be loaded from.

• progress (boolean (default=False)) – Whether to report progress

• states (dict (default={})) – A dictionary specifying the widget values to embed for each widget

extend(objects: Iterable[Any]) → None

Extends the objects on this layout with a list.

Parameters:

(list) (objects) –

get_root(doc: Optional[Document] = None, comm: Optional[Comm] = None, preprocess: bool = True) → Model

Returns the root model and applies pre-processing hooks

Parameters:

• doc (bokeh.Document) – Bokeh document the bokeh model will be attached to.

• comm (pyviz_comms.Comm) – Optional pyviz_comms when working in notebook

• preprocess (boolean (default=True)) – Whether to run preprocessing hooks

Return type:

Returns the bokeh model corresponding to this panel object

insert(index: int, obj: Any) → None

Inserts an object in the layout at the specified index.

Parameters:

• (int) (index) –

• (object) (object) –

jscallback(args: Dict[str, Any] = {}, **callbacks: str) → Callback

Allows defining a JS callback to be triggered when a property changes on the source object. The keyword arguments define the properties that trigger a callback and the JS code that gets executed.

Parameters:

• args (dict) – A mapping of objects to make available to the JS callback

• **callbacks (dict) – A mapping between properties on the source model and the code to execute when that property changes

Returns:

callback – The Callback which can be used to disable the callback.

Return type:

Callback

jslink(target: JSLinkTarget, code: Dict[str, str] = None, args: Optional[Dict] = None, bidirectional: bool = False, **links: str) → Link

Links properties on the this Reactive object to those on the target Reactive object in JS code.

Supports two modes, either specify a mapping between the source and target model properties as keywords or provide a dictionary of JS code snippets which maps from the source parameter to a JS code snippet which is executed when the property changes.

Parameters:

• target (panel.viewable.Viewable | bokeh.model.Model | holoviews.core.dimension.Dimensioned) – The target to link the value to.

• code (dict) – Custom code which will be executed when the widget value changes.

• args (dict) – A mapping of objects to make available to the JS callback

• bidirectional (boolean) – Whether to link source and target bi-directionally

• **links (dict) – A mapping between properties on the source model and the target model property to link it to.

Returns:

link – The GenericLink which can be used unlink the widget and the target model.

Return type:

GenericLink

link(target: param.Parameterized, callbacks: Optional[Dict[str, str | Callable]] = None, bidirectional: bool = False, **links: str) → Watcher

Links the parameters on this Reactive object to attributes on the target Parameterized object.

Supports two modes, either specify a mapping between the source and target object parameters as keywords or provide a dictionary of callbacks which maps from the source parameter to a callback which is triggered when the parameter changes.

Parameters:

• target (param.Parameterized) – The target object of the link.

• callbacks (dict | None) – Maps from a parameter in the source object to a callback.

• bidirectional (bool) – Whether to link source and target bi-directionally

• **links (dict) – Maps between parameters on this object to the parameters on the supplied object.

pop(index: int) → Viewable

Pops an item from the layout by index.

Parameters:

(int) (index) –

pprint() → None

Prints a compositional repr of the class.

remove(obj: Viewable) → None

Removes an object from the layout.

Parameters:

(object) (obj) –

reverse() → None

Reverses the objects in the layout.

save(filename: str | os.PathLike | IO, title: Optional[str] = None, resources: Resources | None = None, template: str | Template | None = None, template_variables: Dict[str, Any] = {}, embed: bool = False, max_states: int = 1000, max_opts: int = 3, embed_json: bool = False, json_prefix: str = '', save_path: str = './', load_path: Optional[str] = None, progress: bool = True,